📅 最后修改于: 2020-12-06 11:48:52 🧑 作者: Mango
对于移动测试，一件事是不言而喻的。要执行移动测试，您需要移动设备。这是为了访问我们的产品如何在给定的移动设备上工作并看起来像。
假设我们正在开发机票预订系统的应用程序。产品完全开发后，作为移动测试的一部分，我们需要检查该应用程序是否在所有主要使用的设备(如Android手机，iOS，Blackberry手机以及其他不同类型的平板电脑和iPad)上按预期运行。
为了进行这种检查，我们需要获取每个这样的设备，然后我们可以检查应用程序的行为是否符合预期。是的，您的想法是正确的，作为产品所有者，人们会发现购买如此大量的移动设备并进行测试非常昂贵。那么，有没有其他明智的选择?
解决此问题的方法是使用移动模拟器和移动模拟器。这些主要是旨在为智能手机的重要功能提供仿真的软件程序。它们本质上非常相似，因此有时可以互换使用。
让我们比较一下在模拟器上进行的测试与在真实设备上进行测试的不同之处-
| Real Device | Emulator / Simulator | |
|---|---|---|
| Price | Getting real devices will cost you a lot. | It is almost free, we just need to download and install them |
| Processing Speed | It has faster processing; however network latency may be normal. | It is slower as compared to actual devices. It has observed less latency than real devices connected to the local network or in the cloud. |
| Debugging | Debugging is not that easy. | It provides step-by-step debugging of an application. Also, it provides an efficient way for capturing screenshots. |
| Web-app Testing | Web applications can be tested in a normal way. | Testing a web application is much easier. |
| Reliability | Testing on a real device has a major advantage that it always gives accurate results. | It cannot simulate all types of user interactions; hence it may lead to false results sometimes. So it scores low when it comes to reliability. |
模拟器/模拟器不能模仿以下功能-
现在让我们更多地了解移动模拟器和移动模拟器。两者之间存在特定差异。下表列出了模拟器和模拟器之间的主要区别。
| Emulator | Simulator | |
|---|---|---|
| What it mimics |
Mobile device software Mobile device hardware Mobile operating system |
Internal behavior of the device. It does not mimic hardware. |
| How to get it | It is generally provided by the device manufacturer. | It is generally provided by the device manufacturer or some other company. |
| Internal structure | It is written in machine-level assembly language. | It is written in high-level language. |
| Debugging | It is more suitable for debugging. | It is not suitable for debugging purpose. |
| Performance | Emulators are really slow. Emulating the actual hardware usually makes the software run slower than it would natively. | Faster than emulators. |
| Example | Google’s Android SDK | Apple’s iOS Simulator |
那么，移动测试的最佳选择是什么?最佳实践表明，在进行实际开发时，我们应该使用模拟器或模拟器。在完成产品定型之前，应对所选的实际设备进行完好性检查。例如，有大量的Android智能手机用户，因此明智的选择是对最新的Android设备进行健全性检查，并可以通过模拟器进行回归。