📅  最后修改于: 2021-01-02 05:35:04             🧑  作者: Mango
Flutter和Kotlin是用于构建移动应用程序的两种领先技术。 Flutter是一个框架,而Kotlin是一种编程语言。框架用于特定问题。在Flutter中,我们可以使用几种内置函数来完成应用程序,而编程语言对应用程序开发没有任何限制。在这里,我们将基于各种参数比较Flutter和Kotlin之间的差异。在进行比较之前,我们将简要讨论这些技术。
是一个跨平台的UI工具包,它使我们能够使用Dart编程语言为移动,Web和桌面创建快速,美观,本地编译的应用程序。它使用一种编程语言和单个代码库构建应用程序。它是免费和开源的。 Google最初于2017年5月开发了它,现在通过ECMA标准进行管理。它是提供卓越的原生体验的一种日益普及的技术。
Google引入了它作为SDK(软件开发工具包)来创建适用于iOS和,iOS上的Objective C和Swift集成在一起。
以下是Flutter的基本功能:
开源: Flutter是一个用于构建桌面和移动应用程序的开源框架。
跨平台开发:它允许开发人员编写一次代码,并且可以在不同平台上运行。它节省了开发人员的时间,精力和金钱。
热重加载:如果我们修改了Flutter代码,则可以通过热重加载立即看到更改。由于此功能,开发人员可以立即修复错误。
小部件:小部件用于开发可定制的特定设计。 Flutter有两组小部件:Material Design和Cupertino小部件,可在所有平台上提供无故障的体验。
可访问的本机功能:通过此功能,我们可以轻松访问Flutter的本机代码,第三方集成和用于应用程序开发的平台API。
最少的代码: Flutter将Dart编程与JIT和AOT编译方法结合使用,以改善整体启动时间,功能和应用程序性能。 JIT无需费力即可刷新UI。
在JVM上运行的静态类型的语言,可以在使用Java的任何地方使用。我们可以使用它来开发Android应用程序,服务器端应用程序等等。它正在成为采用程度最高的技术。它是由JetBrains开发的,并于2010年通过一个小项目发布。 Kotlin的首次正式发布于2016年2月。它是根据Apache 2.0许可开发的。 Kotlin具有一个名为“ Kotlin Multiplatform ”的特殊功能,可以与JVM字节码,JavaScript或LLVM代码兼容。在Kotlin中开发的应用程序范围是无限的。
以下是Kotlin语言的功能:
简洁: Kotlin语言允许开发人员减少使Kotlin更加简洁的额外代码的编写。
空安全性: Kotlin是空安全性语言。此功能的主要目的是从代码.Interoperable中消除NullPointerException。
互操作性:此功能使开发人员可以轻松调用Java代码,并且Java也可以使用Kotlin代码。
智能强制转换:它显式地转换不可变值,并自动将值插入其安全强制转换。
工具友好:我们可以使用命令行以及任何Java IDE来构建Kotlin程序。
扩展函数: Kotlin支持扩展功能和扩展属性,这些扩展功能和扩展属性有助于扩展类的功能,而无需接触其代码。
下面的比较表解释了Flutter和Kotlin之间的主要区别:
Parameters | Flutter | Kotlin |
---|---|---|
Definition | It is a cross-platform mobile framework that provides mobile app SDK to the developers and designers to build modern mobile apps for iOS and Android. | It is detailed as statically typed programming language for the JVM, Android, and the browser. It is 100% interoperable with Java. |
Developed By | It is a framework that was first introduced by Google. | It is a programing language that was first introduced by JetBrains. |
Released | 2017 | 2010 |
Language Stack | It uses Dart programming to build mobile apps. | It is itself a programing language that uses Java, JVM, JavaScript, and Native for creating applications. |
Popularity | Its popularity on GitHub has 88.7k stars and 11.7k folks. | Its popularity on GitHub has 31.1k stars and 3.8k folks. |
Performance | Its performance is amazing because it uses Dart programming, and there is no need to use JavaScript Bridge for starting interactions with the app. | Its performance is slow because it uses JavaScript and 100% interoperable in Java that decreases the speed of an application. |
Learning Curve | In Flutter, developers must have to learn Dart programming to build an app. | It has an easy learning curve because it is very similar to Java. |
Documentation | It has well organized and more informative documentation where we can get everything that we want in one place. | It also provides well-structured documentation to the developers. Since it is in the development phase, its libraries can be changed at any time. |
Testing Support | It has a wide variety of testing features along with a unique widget testing feature. | Its main focus is to deliver backend development services and uses Firebase as a secure backend option. |
Hot Reload | Supported | Not Supported |
App Size | The size of the Flutter app is bigger. | The size of the Kotlin app takes less size as compared to Flutter. |
Integration of third-party libraries and tools | Since Flutter is a UI tool, so it needs third-party libraries and tools to bridge a connection with the native environment. | It does not require third-party libraries and tools to bridge a connection with the native environment. |
Pricing | It is entirely free to utilize Flutter system technologies and their libraries. | It is also free, so there is no better choice in this matrix. |
Deployment Options | It can deploy on Mobile, Desktop, and Web. | It can deploy on Mobile, Desktop, and Web. |
Popular Apps | Hamilton, Google Ads, Alibaba, Cryptograph, etc. | Pinterest, Coursera, Evernote, etc. |