示例1:实现堆栈的Java程序
public class Queue {
int SIZE = 5;
int items[] = new int[SIZE];
int front, rear;
Queue() {
front = -1;
rear = -1;
}
// check if the queue is full
boolean isFull() {
if (front == 0 && rear == SIZE - 1) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
// check if the queue is empty
boolean isEmpty() {
if (front == -1)
return true;
else
return false;
}
// insert elements to the queue
void enQueue(int element) {
// if queue is full
if (isFull()) {
System.out.println("Queue is full");
}
else {
if (front == -1) {
// mark front denote first element of queue
front = 0;
}
rear++;
// insert element at the rear
items[rear] = element;
System.out.println("Insert " + element);
}
}
// delete element from the queue
int deQueue() {
int element;
// if queue is empty
if (isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("Queue is empty");
return (-1);
}
else {
// remove element from the front of queue
element = items[front];
// if the queue has only one element
if (front >= rear) {
front = -1;
rear = -1;
}
else {
// mark next element as the front
front++;
}
System.out.println( element + " Deleted");
return (element);
}
}
// display element of the queue
void display() {
int i;
if (isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("Empty Queue");
}
else {
// display the front of the queue
System.out.println("\nFront index-> " + front);
// display element of the queue
System.out.println("Items -> ");
for (i = front; i <= rear; i++)
System.out.print(items[i] + " ");
// display the rear of the queue
System.out.println("\nRear index-> " + rear);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// create an object of Queue class
Queue q = new Queue();
// try to delete element from the queue
// currently queue is empty
// so deletion is not possible
q.deQueue();
// insert elements to the queue
for(int i = 1; i < 6; i ++) {
q.enQueue(i);
}
// 6th element can't be added to queue because queue is full
q.enQueue(6);
q.display();
// deQueue removes element entered first i.e. 1
q.deQueue();
// Now we have just 4 elements
q.display();
}
}
输出
Queue is empty
Insert 1
Insert 2
Insert 3
Insert 4
Insert 5
Queue is full
Front index-> 0
Items ->
1 2 3 4 5
Rear index-> 4
1 Deleted
Front index-> 1
Items ->
2 3 4 5
Rear index-> 4
在上面的示例中,我们已经用Java实现了队列数据结构。
要了解有关队列的方法,请访问队列数据结构。
示例2:使用Queue接口实现堆栈
Java提供了一个内置的Queue
接口,可用于实现队列。
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.LinkedList;
class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating Queue using the LinkedList class
Queue numbers = new LinkedList<>();
// enqueue
// insert element at the rear of the queue
numbers.offer(1);
numbers.offer(2);
numbers.offer(3);
System.out.println("Queue: " + numbers);
// dequeue
// delete element from the front of the queue
int removedNumber = numbers.poll();
System.out.println("Removed Element: " + removedNumber);
System.out.println("Queue after deletion: " + numbers);
}
}
输出
Queue: [1, 2, 3]
Removed Element: 1
Queue after deletion: [2, 3]
在上面的示例中,我们使用Queue
接口在Java中实现队列。在这里,我们使用了实现Queue
接口的LinkedList
类。
- Numbers.offer() -将元素插入队列的后面
- Numbers.poll() -从队列的前面删除一个元素
注意,我们在创建队列时使用了尖括号
。它表示队列是通用类型。
我们还可以使用其他接口和类代替Queue
和LinkedList
。例如,
- 双端队列接口
- ArrayDeque类别
- PriorityQueue类