📜  Java一元运算符与示例

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:55:32.163000             🧑  作者: Mango

Java一元运算符与示例

运算符构成任何编程语言的基本构建块。 Java也提供了许多类型的运算符,可以根据需要执行各种计算和功能,如逻辑、算术、关系等。它们根据它们提供的功能进行分类。这里有几种类型:

  1. 算术运算符
  2. 一元运算符
  3. 赋值运算符
  4. 关系运算符
  5. 逻辑运算符
  6. 三元运算符
  7. 位运算符
  8. 移位运算符

Java中的一元运算符

Java一元运算运算符是只需要一个操作数来执行任何操作(如递增、递减、否定等)的类型。它由对单个操作数进行操作的各种算术、逻辑和其他运算符组成。让我们详细看看各种一元运算符,看看它们是如何操作的。

运算符 1:一元减号(-)

此运算符可用于将正值转换为负值。

句法:

~(operand)

插图:

a = -10

例子:

Java
// Java Program to Illustrate Unary - Operator
 
// Importing required classes
import java.io.*;
 
// Main class
class GFG {
 
    // Main driver method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Declaring a custom variable
        int n1 = 20;
 
        // Printing the above variable
        System.out.println("Number = " + n1);
 
        // Performing unary operation
        n1 = -n1;
 
        // Printing the above result number
        // after unary operation
        System.out.println("Result = " + n1);
    }
}


Java
// Java Program to Illustrate Unary NOT Operator
 
// Importing required classes
import java.io.*;
 
// Main class
class GFG {
 
    // Main driver method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Initializing variables
        boolean cond = true;
        int a = 10, b = 1;
 
        // Displaying values stored in above variables
        System.out.println("Cond is: " + cond);
        System.out.println("Var1 = " + a);
        System.out.println("Var2 = " + b);
 
        // Displaying values stored in above variables
        // after applying unary NOT operator
        System.out.println("Now cond is: " + !cond);
        System.out.println("!(a < b) = " + !(a < b));
        System.out.println("!(a > b) = " + !(a > b));
    }
}


Java
// Java program to Illustrate Unary
// Bitwise Complement Operator
 
// Importing required classes
import java.io.*;
 
// Main class
class GFG {
 
    // Main driver method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Declaring a variable
        int n1 = 6, n2 = -2;
 
        // Printing numbers on console
        System.out.println("First Number = " + n1);
        System.out.println("Second Number = " + n2);
 
        // Printing numbers on console after
        // performing bitwise complement
        System.out.println(
            n1 + "'s bitwise complement = " + ~n1);
        System.out.println(
            n2 + "'s bitwise complement = " + ~n2);
    }
}


输出
Number = 20
Result = -20

运算符 2: 'NOT' 运算符(!)

这用于将 true 转换为 false,反之亦然。基本上,它反转操作数的逻辑状态。

句法:

!(operand)

插图:

cond = !true;
// cond < false

例子:

Java

// Java Program to Illustrate Unary NOT Operator
 
// Importing required classes
import java.io.*;
 
// Main class
class GFG {
 
    // Main driver method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Initializing variables
        boolean cond = true;
        int a = 10, b = 1;
 
        // Displaying values stored in above variables
        System.out.println("Cond is: " + cond);
        System.out.println("Var1 = " + a);
        System.out.println("Var2 = " + b);
 
        // Displaying values stored in above variables
        // after applying unary NOT operator
        System.out.println("Now cond is: " + !cond);
        System.out.println("!(a < b) = " + !(a < b));
        System.out.println("!(a > b) = " + !(a > b));
    }
}
输出:
Cond is: true
Var1 = 10
Var2 = 1
Now cond is: false
!(a < b) = true
!(a > b) = false

运算符 3:增量(++)

它用于增加整数的值。它可以以两种不同的方式使用:

3.1:后自增运算符

当放置在变量名之后时,操作数的值会增加,但之前的值会暂时保留,直到执行此语句,并在执行下一条语句之前更新。

句法:

num++

插图:

num = 5
num++ = 6

3.2:预增运算符

当放置在变量名之前时,操作数的值会立即递增。

句法:

++num

插图:

num = 5
++num = 6

运算符 4:递减 (–)

它用于减少整数的值。它可以以两种不同的方式使用:

4.1:后减运算符

当放置在变量名之后时,操作数的值会递减,但之前的值会暂时保留,直到执行此语句,并在执行下一条语句之前更新。

句法:

num--

插图:

num = 5
num-- = 4

4.2:预减运算符

当放置在变量名之前时,操作数的值会立即递减。

句法:

--num

插图:

num = 5
--num = 4

运算符 5:按位补码(~)

这个一元运算运算符返回输入值或操作数的反码表示,即所有位反转,这意味着它使每 0 变为 1,每 1 变为 0。

句法:

~(operand)

插图:

a = 5 [0101 in Binary]
result = ~5

This performs a bitwise complement of 5
~0101 = 1010 = 10 (in decimal)

Then the compiler will give 2’s complement
of that number.
2’s complement of 10 will be -6.
result = -6

例子:

Java

// Java program to Illustrate Unary
// Bitwise Complement Operator
 
// Importing required classes
import java.io.*;
 
// Main class
class GFG {
 
    // Main driver method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Declaring a variable
        int n1 = 6, n2 = -2;
 
        // Printing numbers on console
        System.out.println("First Number = " + n1);
        System.out.println("Second Number = " + n2);
 
        // Printing numbers on console after
        // performing bitwise complement
        System.out.println(
            n1 + "'s bitwise complement = " + ~n1);
        System.out.println(
            n2 + "'s bitwise complement = " + ~n2);
    }
}
输出:
First Number = 6
Second Number = -2
6's bitwise complement = -7
-2's bitwise complement = 1