如何在 Android Studio 中构建体重指数计算器?
体重指数 (BMI) 计算器可用于根据身高和体重计算 BMI 值。对于大多数人来说,BMI 是一个相当可靠的体脂指标。
公式:
BMI = (weight) / (height * height)
方法:BMI 是根据个人的体重和身高计算得出的数字。为了找出 BMI,我们将从用户那里获取输入(包括身高和体重),这些输入将存储在身高和体重变量中以供进一步计算。计算过程很简单,我们只需将体重(公斤)除以身高的平方即可。现在根据计算出的 BMI,它将执行相应的 if-else 语句。我们还检查用户是否在没有输入输入的情况下按下提交按钮,在这种情况下,我们将显示一条 Toast 消息,说“请输入有效的身高和体重”。在本文中,我们将使用 Kotlin和 XML 在 Android Studio 中构建体重指数计算器。
分步实施
第 1 步:创建一个新项目
要在 Android Studio 中创建新项目,请参阅如何在 Android Studio 中创建/启动新项目。请注意,选择Kotlin作为编程语言。
第 2 步:使用 build.gradle(Module) 文件
您需要像这样在 app build.gradle 模块中应用插件 kotlin-android-extensions
plugins {
id ‘com.android.application’
id ‘kotlin-android’
id ‘kotlin-android-extensions’
}
步骤 3:使用 activity_main.xml 文件
导航到app > res > layout > activity_main.xml并将以下代码添加到该文件中。下面是activity_main.xml文件的代码。
XML
Kotlin
import android.os.Bundle
import android.view.View
import android.widget.Toast
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
calculate_btn.setOnClickListener {
// Check if the height EditText and Weight EditText are not empty
if (etHeight.text.isNotEmpty() && etWeight.text.isNotEmpty()) {
val height = (etHeight.text.toString()).toInt()
val weight = (etWeight.text.toString()).toInt()
// calculateBMI will return BMI
val BMI = calculateBMI(height, weight)
bmi.text = BMI.toString()
bmi.visibility = View.VISIBLE
// update the status text as per the bmi conditions
if (BMI < 18.5) {
status.text = "Under Weight"
} else if (BMI >= 18.5 && BMI < 24.9) {
status.text = "Healthy"
} else if (BMI >= 24.9 && BMI < 30) {
status.text = "Overweight"
} else if (BMI >= 30) {
status.text = "Suffering from Obesity"
}
bmi_tv.visibility = View.VISIBLE
status.visibility = View.VISIBLE
ReCalculate.visibility = View.VISIBLE
calculate_btn.visibility = View.GONE
}
// when either Weight EditText or
// height EditText have null value
// we will display toast.
else {
Toast.makeText(this, "please enter the valid height and weight", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}
ReCalculate.setOnClickListener {
ResetEverything()
}
}
// Function to reset all Text and EditText fields.
private fun ResetEverything() {
calculate_btn.visibility = View.VISIBLE
ReCalculate.visibility = View.GONE
etHeight.text.clear()
etWeight.text.clear()
status.text = " "
bmi.text = " "
bmi_tv.visibility = View.GONE
}
// Function for calculating BMI
private fun calculateBMI(height: Int, weight: Int): Float {
val Height_in_metre = height.toFloat() / 100
val BMI = weight.toFloat() / (Height_in_metre * Height_in_metre)
return BMI
}
}
写了这么多代码后,我们的 UI 看起来是这样的:
步骤 4:使用 MainActivity.kt 文件
转到MainActivity.kt文件并参考以下代码。下面是MainActivity.kt文件的代码。代码中添加了注释以更详细地理解代码。
科特林
import android.os.Bundle
import android.view.View
import android.widget.Toast
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
calculate_btn.setOnClickListener {
// Check if the height EditText and Weight EditText are not empty
if (etHeight.text.isNotEmpty() && etWeight.text.isNotEmpty()) {
val height = (etHeight.text.toString()).toInt()
val weight = (etWeight.text.toString()).toInt()
// calculateBMI will return BMI
val BMI = calculateBMI(height, weight)
bmi.text = BMI.toString()
bmi.visibility = View.VISIBLE
// update the status text as per the bmi conditions
if (BMI < 18.5) {
status.text = "Under Weight"
} else if (BMI >= 18.5 && BMI < 24.9) {
status.text = "Healthy"
} else if (BMI >= 24.9 && BMI < 30) {
status.text = "Overweight"
} else if (BMI >= 30) {
status.text = "Suffering from Obesity"
}
bmi_tv.visibility = View.VISIBLE
status.visibility = View.VISIBLE
ReCalculate.visibility = View.VISIBLE
calculate_btn.visibility = View.GONE
}
// when either Weight EditText or
// height EditText have null value
// we will display toast.
else {
Toast.makeText(this, "please enter the valid height and weight", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}
ReCalculate.setOnClickListener {
ResetEverything()
}
}
// Function to reset all Text and EditText fields.
private fun ResetEverything() {
calculate_btn.visibility = View.VISIBLE
ReCalculate.visibility = View.GONE
etHeight.text.clear()
etWeight.text.clear()
status.text = " "
bmi.text = " "
bmi_tv.visibility = View.GONE
}
// Function for calculating BMI
private fun calculateBMI(height: Int, weight: Int): Float {
val Height_in_metre = height.toFloat() / 100
val BMI = weight.toFloat() / (Height_in_metre * Height_in_metre)
return BMI
}
}
输出: