使用Python删除整个目录树 | shutil.rmtree() 方法

Python中的Shutil 模块提供了许多对文件和文件集合进行高级操作的功能。它属于 Python 的标准实用程序模块。该模块有助于自动化复制和删除文件和目录的过程。
shutil.rmtree() 用于删除整个目录树，路径必须指向目录（但不能指向目录的符号链接）。

Syntax: shutil.rmtree(path, ignore_errors=False, onerror=None)
Parameters: 
path: A path-like object representing a file path. A path-like object is either a string or bytes object representing a path. 
ignore_errors: If ignore_errors is true, errors resulting from failed removals will be ignored. 
oneerror: If ignore_errors is false or omitted, such errors are handled by calling a handler specified by onerror. 
 

示例 1：假设目录和子目录如下。
# 父目录：

# 父目录内的目录：

# 子目录下的文件：

我们要删除目录作者。下面是实现。

Python3

# Python program to demonstrate
# shutil.rmtree()
   
import shutil
import os
   
# location
location = "D:/Pycharm projects/GeeksforGeeks/"
   
# directory
dir = "Authors"
   
# path
path = os.path.join(location, dir)
   
# removing directory
shutil.rmtree(path)

输出：

示例 2：通过传递 ignore_errors = False。

Python3

# Python program to demonstrate
# shutil.rmtree()
   
import shutil
import os
   
# location
location = "D:/Pycharm projects/GeeksforGeeks/"
   
# directory
dir = "Authors"
   
# path
path = os.path.join(location, dir)
   
# removing directory
shutil.rmtree(path, ignore_errors = False)
   
# making ignore_errors = True will not raise 
# a FileNotFoundError

输出：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
File “D:/Pycharm projects/gfg/gfg.py”, line 16, in 
shutil.rmtree(path, ignore_errors=False) 
File “C:\Users\Nikhil Aggarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\shutil.py”, line 730, in rmtree 
return _rmtree_unsafe(path, onerror) 
File “C:\Users\Nikhil Aggarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\shutil.py”, line 589, in _rmtree_unsafe 
onerror(os.scandir, path, sys.exc_info()) 
File “C:\Users\Nikhil Aggarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\shutil.py”, line 586, in _rmtree_unsafe 
with os.scandir(path) as scandir_it: 
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 3] The system cannot find the path specified: ‘D:/Pycharm projects/GeeksforGeeks/Authors’ 
 

示例 3：通过传递 onerror。
在 onerror 中，应该传递一个必须包含三个参数的函数。

• 函数:引发异常的函数。
  
• 路径：传递的路径名，在删除时引发异常
  
• excinfo： sys.exc_info() 引发的异常信息
  

下面是实现。

Python3

# Python program to demonstrate
# shutil.rmtree()
   
import shutil
import os
   
   
# exception handler
def handler(func, path, exc_info):
    print("Inside handler")
    print(exc_info)
   
   
# location
location = "D:/Pycharm projects/GeeksforGeeks/"
   
# directory
dir = "Authors"
   
# path
path = os.path.join(location, dir)
   
# removing directory
shutil.rmtree(path, onerror = handler)

输出：

Inside handler 
(, FileNotFoundError(2, ‘The system cannot find the path specified’), ) 
Inside handler 
(, FileNotFoundError(2, ‘The system cannot find the file specified’), )