如何在 ReactJS 中创建带有下拉菜单的响应式侧边栏?
侧边栏是网站设计的重要元素,因为它允许用户快速访问网站中的任何部分。
项目概览:
先决条件:
- npm
- 创建反应应用
- 反应路由器dom
- useState React 钩子
基本设置:您将使用create-react-app启动一个新项目,因此打开终端并输入:
npx create-react-app react-sidebar-dropdown
现在通过在终端中输入给定的命令转到您的react-sidebar-dropdown文件夹:
cd react-sidebar-dropdown
所需模块:通过在终端中键入给定命令来安装此项目所需的依赖项。
npm install react-router-dom
npm install --save styled-components
npm install --save react-icons
现在在 src 中创建components文件夹,然后转到 components 文件夹并创建三个文件Sidebar.js 、 SidebarData.js和SubMenu.js 。
在 src 中创建一个名为pages的文件夹,并在 pages 中创建名为AboutUs.js 、 ContactUs.js 、 Events.js 、 Services.js 、 Support.js的文件。
项目结构:项目中的文件结构将如下所示。
Filename- Sidebar.js:打开和关闭侧边栏视图,这就是useState( )钩子发挥作用的地方。
我们创建一个状态,第一个元素侧边栏作为初始状态,其值为 false,第二个元素作为函数setSidebar()用于更新状态。然后创建一个名为showSidebar( ) 的函数,该函数在调用时将侧边栏的值设置为与其当前值相反。
此函数在onClick()函数的帮助下与菜单栏图标和十字图标一起使用。当我们单击条形图标以查看 sidenav 链接时,它将状态的值设置为 true,显示侧边栏,并在条形图标的位置出现一个十字图标。当我们想要关闭侧边栏时,我们只需单击十字图标,在关闭侧边栏后它会被一个条形图标替换,因为现在状态的值设置为 false。
Javascript
import React, { useState } from "react";
import styled from "styled-components";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
import * as FaIcons from "react-icons/fa";
import * as AiIcons from "react-icons/ai";
import { SidebarData } from "./SidebarData";
import SubMenu from "./SubMenu";
import { IconContext } from "react-icons/lib";
const Nav = styled.div`
background: #15171c;
height: 80px;
display: flex;
justify-content: flex-start;
align-items: center;
`;
const NavIcon = styled(Link)`
margin-left: 2rem;
font-size: 2rem;
height: 80px;
display: flex;
justify-content: flex-start;
align-items: center;
`;
const SidebarNav = styled.nav`
background: #15171c;
width: 250px;
height: 100vh;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: ${({ sidebar }) => (sidebar ? "0" : "-100%")};
transition: 350ms;
z-index: 10;
`;
const SidebarWrap = styled.div`
width: 100%;
`;
const Sidebar = () => {
const [sidebar, setSidebar] = useState(false);
const showSidebar = () => setSidebar(!sidebar);
return (
<>
{SidebarData.map((item, index) => {
return ;
})}
>
);
};
export default Sidebar;
Javascript
import React from "react";
import * as FaIcons from "react-icons/fa";
import * as AiIcons from "react-icons/ai";
import * as IoIcons from "react-icons/io";
import * as RiIcons from "react-icons/ri";
export const SidebarData = [
{
title: "About Us",
path: "/about-us",
icon: ,
iconClosed: ,
iconOpened: ,
subNav: [
{
title: "Our Aim",
path: "/about-us/aim",
icon: ,
},
{
title: "Our Vision",
path: "/about-us/vision",
icon: ,
},
],
},
{
title: "Services",
path: "/services",
icon: ,
iconClosed: ,
iconOpened: ,
subNav: [
{
title: "Service 1",
path: "/services/services1",
icon: ,
cName: "sub-nav",
},
{
title: "Service 2",
path: "/services/services2",
icon: ,
cName: "sub-nav",
},
{
title: "Service 3",
path: "/services/services3",
icon: ,
},
],
},
{
title: "Contact",
path: "/contact",
icon: ,
},
{
title: "Events",
path: "/events",
icon: ,
iconClosed: ,
iconOpened: ,
subNav: [
{
title: "Event 1",
path: "/events/events1",
icon: ,
},
{
title: "Event 2",
path: "/events/events2",
icon: ,
},
],
},
{
title: "Support",
path: "/support",
icon: ,
},
];
Javascript
import React, { useState } from "react";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
import styled from "styled-components";
const SidebarLink = styled(Link)`
display: flex;
color: #e1e9fc;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
padding: 20px;
list-style: none;
height: 60px;
text-decoration: none;
font-size: 18px;
&:hover {
background: #252831;
border-left: 4px solid green;
cursor: pointer;
}
`;
const SidebarLabel = styled.span`
margin-left: 16px;
`;
const DropdownLink = styled(Link)`
background: #252831;
height: 60px;
padding-left: 3rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
text-decoration: none;
color: #f5f5f5;
font-size: 18px;
&:hover {
background: green;
cursor: pointer;
}
`;
const SubMenu = ({ item }) => {
const [subnav, setSubnav] = useState(false);
const showSubnav = () => setSubnav(!subnav);
return (
<>
{item.icon}
{item.title}
{item.subNav && subnav
? item.iconOpened
: item.subNav
? item.iconClosed
: null}
{subnav &&
item.subNav.map((item, index) => {
return (
{item.icon}
{item.title}
);
})}
>
);
};
export default SubMenu;
Javascript
import React from "react";
export const AboutUs = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks About us
);
};
export const OurAim = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Aim
);
};
export const OurVision = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Vision
);
};
Javascript
import React from "react";
const Contact = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Contact us
);
};
export default Contact;
Javascript
import React from "react";
export const Events = () => {
return (
GeeksForGeeks Events
);
};
export const EventsOne = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Event1
);
};
export const EventsTwo = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Event2
);
};
Javascript
import React from "react";
export const Services = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Services
);
};
export const ServicesOne = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Service1
);
};
export const ServicesTwo = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Service2
);
};
export const ServicesThree = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Service3
);
};
Javascript
import React from "react";
const Support = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Support us
);
};
export default Support;
Javascript
import "./App.css";
import Sidebar from "./components/Sidebar";
import { BrowserRouter as Router, Switch, Route } from "react-router-dom";
import { AboutUs, OurAim, OurVision } from "./pages/AboutUs";
import {
Services,
ServicesOne,
ServicesTwo,
ServicesThree,
} from "./pages/Services";
import { Events, EventsOne, EventsTwo } from "./pages/Events";
import Contact from "./pages/ContactUs";
import Support from "./pages/Support";
function App() {
return (
);
}
export default App;
HTML
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.home,
.services,
.reports,
.contact,
.events,
.support {
display: flex;
margin-left: 260px;
font-size: 2rem;
}
文件名- SidebarData.js :
Javascript
import React from "react";
import * as FaIcons from "react-icons/fa";
import * as AiIcons from "react-icons/ai";
import * as IoIcons from "react-icons/io";
import * as RiIcons from "react-icons/ri";
export const SidebarData = [
{
title: "About Us",
path: "/about-us",
icon: ,
iconClosed: ,
iconOpened: ,
subNav: [
{
title: "Our Aim",
path: "/about-us/aim",
icon: ,
},
{
title: "Our Vision",
path: "/about-us/vision",
icon: ,
},
],
},
{
title: "Services",
path: "/services",
icon: ,
iconClosed: ,
iconOpened: ,
subNav: [
{
title: "Service 1",
path: "/services/services1",
icon: ,
cName: "sub-nav",
},
{
title: "Service 2",
path: "/services/services2",
icon: ,
cName: "sub-nav",
},
{
title: "Service 3",
path: "/services/services3",
icon: ,
},
],
},
{
title: "Contact",
path: "/contact",
icon: ,
},
{
title: "Events",
path: "/events",
icon: ,
iconClosed: ,
iconOpened: ,
subNav: [
{
title: "Event 1",
path: "/events/events1",
icon: ,
},
{
title: "Event 2",
path: "/events/events2",
icon: ,
},
],
},
{
title: "Support",
path: "/support",
icon: ,
},
];
Filename- SubMenu.js:下拉链接的逻辑,同样使用useState()钩子完成。
我们创建一个状态,第一个元素 subnav 作为初始状态,其值为 false,第二个元素作为函数setSubnav()用于更新状态。然后创建一个名为showSubnav()的函数,该函数在调用时将 subnav 的值设置为与其当前值相反。
此函数与打开图标和关闭图标一起使用。当我们单击打开图标查看下拉链接时,它会将状态值设置为 true,显示下拉菜单,并在打开图标的位置出现一个关闭图标。当我们想要关闭下拉链接时,我们只需单击关闭图标,然后在关闭下拉菜单后将其替换为打开图标,因为现在状态的值设置为 false。
由于每个sidelink 都没有下拉菜单,它首先检查sideline 是否具有从我们在SidebarData.js文件中创建的对象数组中定义的subNav 属性。如果该属性存在,则它执行上述逻辑,否则侧链接正常显示,没有任何打开和关闭图标。
Javascript
import React, { useState } from "react";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
import styled from "styled-components";
const SidebarLink = styled(Link)`
display: flex;
color: #e1e9fc;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
padding: 20px;
list-style: none;
height: 60px;
text-decoration: none;
font-size: 18px;
&:hover {
background: #252831;
border-left: 4px solid green;
cursor: pointer;
}
`;
const SidebarLabel = styled.span`
margin-left: 16px;
`;
const DropdownLink = styled(Link)`
background: #252831;
height: 60px;
padding-left: 3rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
text-decoration: none;
color: #f5f5f5;
font-size: 18px;
&:hover {
background: green;
cursor: pointer;
}
`;
const SubMenu = ({ item }) => {
const [subnav, setSubnav] = useState(false);
const showSubnav = () => setSubnav(!subnav);
return (
<>
{item.icon}
{item.title}
{item.subNav && subnav
? item.iconOpened
: item.subNav
? item.iconClosed
: null}
{subnav &&
item.subNav.map((item, index) => {
return (
{item.icon}
{item.title}
);
})}
>
);
};
export default SubMenu;
现在我们完成了 components 文件夹,现在我们操作页面。在 src/pages 中编辑项目中侧边栏的各个页面:
文件名- AboutUs.js:
Javascript
import React from "react";
export const AboutUs = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks About us
);
};
export const OurAim = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Aim
);
};
export const OurVision = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Vision
);
};
文件名- ContactUs.js:
Javascript
import React from "react";
const Contact = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Contact us
);
};
export default Contact;
文件名- Events.js:
Javascript
import React from "react";
export const Events = () => {
return (
GeeksForGeeks Events
);
};
export const EventsOne = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Event1
);
};
export const EventsTwo = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Event2
);
};
文件名-Services.js:
Javascript
import React from "react";
export const Services = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Services
);
};
export const ServicesOne = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Service1
);
};
export const ServicesTwo = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Service2
);
};
export const ServicesThree = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Service3
);
};
文件名- Support.js:
Javascript
import React from "react";
const Support = () => {
return (
GeeksforGeeks Support us
);
};
export default Support;
现在所有的页面和组件都准备好了,我们必须在我们的 App.js 文件中一一调用它们。
文件名 - App.js:
Javascript
import "./App.css";
import Sidebar from "./components/Sidebar";
import { BrowserRouter as Router, Switch, Route } from "react-router-dom";
import { AboutUs, OurAim, OurVision } from "./pages/AboutUs";
import {
Services,
ServicesOne,
ServicesTwo,
ServicesThree,
} from "./pages/Services";
import { Events, EventsOne, EventsTwo } from "./pages/Events";
import Contact from "./pages/ContactUs";
import Support from "./pages/Support";
function App() {
return (
);
}
export default App;
Filename-App.css:根据你的修改CSS。
HTML
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.home,
.services,
.reports,
.contact,
.events,
.support {
display: flex;
margin-left: 260px;
font-size: 2rem;
}
运行项目:保存所有文件并使用以下命令启动服务器。
npm start
输出: