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📜  从给定字符串中删除重复项的Java程序

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:57:07.092000             🧑  作者: Mango

从给定字符串中删除重复项的Java程序

给定一个字符串S ,任务是删除给定字符串中的所有重复项。
以下是删除字符串中重复项的不同方法。

方法一(简单)

Java
// Java program to remove duplicate character
// from character array and print in sorted
// order
import java.util.*;
  
class GFG 
{
    static String removeDuplicate(char str[], int n)
    {
        // Used as index in the modified string
        int index = 0;
  
        // Traverse through all characters
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
  
            // Check if str[i] is present before it 
            int j;
            for (j = 0; j < i; j++) 
            {
                if (str[i] == str[j])
                {
                    break;
                }
            }
  
            // If not present, then add it to
            // result.
            if (j == i) 
            {
                str[index++] = str[i];
            }
        }
        return String.valueOf(Arrays.copyOf(str, index));
    }
  
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        char str[] = "geeksforgeeks".toCharArray();
        int n = str.length;
        System.out.println(removeDuplicate(str, n));
    }
}
  
// This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji


Java
// Java program to remove duplicate character
// from character array and print in sorted
// order
import java.util.*;
  
class GFG {
      
    static void removeDuplicate(char str[], int n)
    {
       // Create a set using String characters
    // excluding '�'
        HashSet s = new LinkedHashSet<>(n - 1);
      // HashSet doesn't allow repetition of elements
        for (char x : str)
            s.add(x);
  
        // Print content of the set
        for (char x : s)
            System.out.print(x);
    }
  
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        char str[] = "geeksforgeeks".toCharArray();
        int n = str.length;
  
        removeDuplicate(str, n);
    }
}
  
// This code is contributed by todaysgaurav


Java
// Java program to remove duplicates, the order of
// characters is not maintained in this program
  
import java.util.Arrays;
  
public class GFG 
{
    /* Method to remove duplicates in a sorted array */
    static String removeDupsSorted(String str)
    {
        int res_ind = 1, ip_ind = 1;
          
        // Character array for removal of duplicate characters
        char arr[] = str.toCharArray();
          
        /* In place removal of duplicate characters*/
        while (ip_ind != arr.length)
        {
            if(arr[ip_ind] != arr[ip_ind-1])
            {
                arr[res_ind] = arr[ip_ind];
                res_ind++;
            }
            ip_ind++;
            
        }
      
        str = new String(arr);
        return str.substring(0,res_ind);
    }
       
    /* Method removes duplicate characters from the string
       This function work in-place and fills null characters
       in the extra space left */
    static String removeDups(String str)
    {
       // Sort the character array
       char temp[] = str.toCharArray();
       Arrays.sort(temp);
       str = new String(temp);
         
       // Remove duplicates from sorted
       return removeDupsSorted(str);
    }
       
    // Driver Method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String str = "geeksforgeeks";
        System.out.println(removeDups(str));
    }
}


Java
// Java program to remove duplicates
import java.util.*;
  
class RemoveDuplicates
{
    /* Function removes duplicate characters from the string
    This function work in-place */
    void removeDuplicates(String str)
    {
        LinkedHashSet lhs = new LinkedHashSet<>();
        for(int i=0;i


Java
// Java program to create a unique string
import java.util.*;
  
class IndexOf {
      
    // Function to make the string unique
    public static String unique(String s)
    {
        String str = new String();
        int len = s.length();
          
        // loop to traverse the string and
        // check for repeating chars using
        // IndexOf() method in Java
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) 
        {
            // character at i'th index of s
            char c = s.charAt(i);
              
            // if c is present in str, it returns
            // the index of c, else it returns -1
            if (str.indexOf(c) < 0)
            {
                // adding c to str if -1 is returned
                str += c;
            }
        }
          
        return str;
    }
  
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Input string with repeating chars
        String s = "geeksforgeeks";
          
        System.out.println(unique(s));
    }
}


Java
// Java program to create a unique String using unordered_map
  
/* access time in unordered_map on is O(1) generally if no collisions occur 
and therefore it helps us check if an element exists in a String in O(1) 
time complexity with constant space. */
import java.util.*;
  
class GFG{ 
static char[] removeDuplicates(char []s,int n){
  Map exists = new HashMap<>();
  
  String st = "";
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
    if(!exists.containsKey(s[i]))
    {
      st += s[i];
      exists.put(s[i], 1);
    }
  }
  return st.toCharArray();
}
  
// driver code
public static void main(String[] args){
  char s[] = "geeksforgeeks".toCharArray();
  int n = s.length;
  System.out.print(removeDuplicates(s,n));
}
}
  
// This code is contributed by gauravrajput1


输出:

geksfor

时间复杂度: O(n * n)
辅助空间: O(1)
保持元素的顺序与输入相同。

方法 2(使用 BST)
使用实现自平衡二叉搜索树的集合。

Java

// Java program to remove duplicate character
// from character array and print in sorted
// order
import java.util.*;
  
class GFG {
      
    static void removeDuplicate(char str[], int n)
    {
       // Create a set using String characters
    // excluding '�'
        HashSet s = new LinkedHashSet<>(n - 1);
      // HashSet doesn't allow repetition of elements
        for (char x : str)
            s.add(x);
  
        // Print content of the set
        for (char x : s)
            System.out.print(x);
    }
  
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        char str[] = "geeksforgeeks".toCharArray();
        int n = str.length;
  
        removeDuplicate(str, n);
    }
}
  
// This code is contributed by todaysgaurav

输出:

efgkors

时间复杂度:O(n Log n)
辅助空间:O(n)

感谢Anivesh Tiwari提出这种方法。

它不会保持元素的顺序与输入相同,而是按排序顺序打印它们。

方法 3(使用排序)
算法:

1) Sort the elements.
  2) Now in a loop, remove duplicates by comparing the 
      current character with previous character.
  3)  Remove extra characters at the end of the resultant string.

例子:

Input string:  geeksforgeeks
1) Sort the characters
   eeeefggkkorss
2) Remove duplicates
    efgkorskkorss
3) Remove extra characters
     efgkors

请注意,此方法不保留输入字符串的原始顺序。例如,如果我们要删除 geeksforgeeks 的重复项并保持字符顺序相同,那么输出应该是 geksfor,但上面的函数返回 efgkos。我们可以通过存储原始订单来修改此方法。

执行:

Java

// Java program to remove duplicates, the order of
// characters is not maintained in this program
  
import java.util.Arrays;
  
public class GFG 
{
    /* Method to remove duplicates in a sorted array */
    static String removeDupsSorted(String str)
    {
        int res_ind = 1, ip_ind = 1;
          
        // Character array for removal of duplicate characters
        char arr[] = str.toCharArray();
          
        /* In place removal of duplicate characters*/
        while (ip_ind != arr.length)
        {
            if(arr[ip_ind] != arr[ip_ind-1])
            {
                arr[res_ind] = arr[ip_ind];
                res_ind++;
            }
            ip_ind++;
            
        }
      
        str = new String(arr);
        return str.substring(0,res_ind);
    }
       
    /* Method removes duplicate characters from the string
       This function work in-place and fills null characters
       in the extra space left */
    static String removeDups(String str)
    {
       // Sort the character array
       char temp[] = str.toCharArray();
       Arrays.sort(temp);
       str = new String(temp);
         
       // Remove duplicates from sorted
       return removeDupsSorted(str);
    }
       
    // Driver Method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String str = "geeksforgeeks";
        System.out.println(removeDups(str));
    }
}

输出:

efgkors

时间复杂度: O(n log n) 如果我们使用一些 nlogn 排序算法而不是快速排序。

辅助空间: O(1)

方法 4(使用散列)

算法:

1: Initialize:
    str  =  "test string" /* input string */
    ip_ind =  0          /* index to  keep track of location of next
                             character in input string */
    res_ind  =  0         /* index to  keep track of location of
                            next character in the resultant string */
    bin_hash[0..255] = {0,0, ….} /* Binary hash to see if character is 
                                        already processed or not */
2: Do following for each character *(str + ip_ind) in input string:
              (a) if bin_hash is not set for *(str + ip_ind) then
                   // if program sees the character *(str + ip_ind) first time
                         (i)  Set bin_hash for *(str + ip_ind)
                         (ii)  Move *(str  + ip_ind) to the resultant string.
                              This is done in-place.
                         (iii) res_ind++
              (b) ip_ind++
  /* String obtained after this step is "te stringing" */
3: Remove extra characters at the end of the resultant string.
  /*  String obtained after this step is "te string" */

执行:

Java

// Java program to remove duplicates
import java.util.*;
  
class RemoveDuplicates
{
    /* Function removes duplicate characters from the string
    This function work in-place */
    void removeDuplicates(String str)
    {
        LinkedHashSet lhs = new LinkedHashSet<>();
        for(int i=0;i

输出:

geksfor

时间复杂度: O(n)

要点:

  • 方法 2 不会将字符保留为原始字符串,但方法 4 会。
  • 假设输入字符串中可能的字符数为 256。 NO_OF_CHARS 应相应更改。
  • calloc() 代替 malloc() 用于计数数组 (count) 的内存分配,以将分配的内存初始化为“�”。也可以使用 malloc() 后跟 memset()。
  • 如果给定数组中整数的范围,上述算法也适用于整数数组输入。一个示例问题是在输入数组仅包含 1000 到 1100 之间的整数的情况下找到输入数组中的最大出现数

方法 5 (使用IndexOf()方法):
先决条件: Java IndexOf()方法

Java

// Java program to create a unique string
import java.util.*;
  
class IndexOf {
      
    // Function to make the string unique
    public static String unique(String s)
    {
        String str = new String();
        int len = s.length();
          
        // loop to traverse the string and
        // check for repeating chars using
        // IndexOf() method in Java
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) 
        {
            // character at i'th index of s
            char c = s.charAt(i);
              
            // if c is present in str, it returns
            // the index of c, else it returns -1
            if (str.indexOf(c) < 0)
            {
                // adding c to str if -1 is returned
                str += c;
            }
        }
          
        return str;
    }
  
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Input string with repeating chars
        String s = "geeksforgeeks";
          
        System.out.println(unique(s));
    }
}

输出:

geksfor

感谢debjitdbb提出这种方法。

方法 6 (使用unordered_map STL方法):
先决条件: unordered_map STL C++ 方法

Java

// Java program to create a unique String using unordered_map
  
/* access time in unordered_map on is O(1) generally if no collisions occur 
and therefore it helps us check if an element exists in a String in O(1) 
time complexity with constant space. */
import java.util.*;
  
class GFG{ 
static char[] removeDuplicates(char []s,int n){
  Map exists = new HashMap<>();
  
  String st = "";
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
    if(!exists.containsKey(s[i]))
    {
      st += s[i];
      exists.put(s[i], 1);
    }
  }
  return st.toCharArray();
}
  
// driver code
public static void main(String[] args){
  char s[] = "geeksforgeeks".toCharArray();
  int n = s.length;
  System.out.print(removeDuplicates(s,n));
}
}
  
// This code is contributed by gauravrajput1 

输出:

geksfor

时间复杂度: O(n)
辅助空间: O(n)
谢谢, Allen James Vinoy提出了这种方法。

有关详细信息,请参阅有关从给定字符串中删除重复项的完整文章!