📅 最后修改于: 2023-12-03 14:40:45.876000 🧑 作者: Mango
Django - Python
Django is a high-level Python web framework that allows developers to quickly and efficiently build web applications. It follows the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern and emphasizes the principle of "Don't Repeat Yourself" (DRY).
Features
- Fast Development: Django provides a set of tools and libraries that make it easy to build web applications in a short amount of time.
- Highly Scalable: Django is suitable for projects of any size and can handle high traffic websites with ease.
- Secure: Django comes with built-in security features like protection against common web vulnerabilities, secure password handling, and more.
- Versatile: Django can be used to build all kinds of web applications, from simple websites to complex enterprise applications.
- Pythonic: Django follows Python's philosophy of having clean and readable code, making it easy for developers to understand and maintain their applications.
- Rich Ecosystem: Django has a large and active community, which means there are plenty of third-party packages, tutorials, and resources available.
Core Components
- Models: Django provides an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) layer which allows developers to define database models using Python classes. These models can then be used to interact with the database without writing SQL queries directly.
# Example model definition
from django.db import models
class User(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
email = models.EmailField(unique=True)
- Views: Views are responsible for handling HTTP requests and returning responses. They process input data, interact with models, and generate HTML or other content to be sent back to the client.
# Example view function
from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
def home(request):
return render(request, 'home.html', {'name': 'Django'})
def about(request):
return HttpResponse('This is the About page')
- Templates: Django uses templates to generate dynamic HTML pages. Templates are written in plain HTML with additional Django template language (DTL) tags and filters to insert dynamic content.
<!-- Example template: home.html -->
<html>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to {{ name }}!</h1>
</body>
</html>
- URLs: URLs are mapped to views using URL patterns. Django's URL routing system allows developers to define URL patterns based on regular expressions, making it easy to handle different URL patterns for various views.
# Example URL configuration
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.home, name='home'),
path('about/', views.about, name='about'),
]
Installation
To install Django, make sure you have Python installed on your system, and then run the following command:
pip install django
Resources
Let's start building web applications with Django!