📅  最后修改于: 2023-12-03 15:07:12.437000             🧑  作者: Mango
在编写应用程序时,有时需要在按下特定键时打开一个引导程序下拉菜单,以执行一些操作或显示帮助信息等。
以下是创建按下特定键后发生的引导程序下拉菜单的步骤:
利用选项菜单(OptionMenu)或组合框(Combobox)等控件,创建一个下拉菜单,并添加需要执行的操作或显示的信息。
以使用选项菜单举例,创建一个选项菜单,选项包括“操作一”和“操作二”:
import tkinter as tk
def do_something():
print("Did something.")
def do_another_thing():
print("Did another thing.")
root = tk.Tk()
menu_var = tk.StringVar(value="Select an option")
menu = tk.OptionMenu(root, menu_var, "Operation One", "Operation Two")
menu.pack()
button = tk.Button(root, text="Do it!", command=lambda: print("You chose: ", menu_var.get()))
button.pack()
root.mainloop()
在窗口上监听键盘事件,当用户按下特定键时将触发该事件。
以监听 F1 键的按下事件为例:
import tkinter as tk
def do_something():
print("Did something.")
def do_another_thing():
print("Did another thing.")
def on_key_event(event):
if event.keysym == "F1":
menu.post(event.x_root, event.y_root)
return "break"
root = tk.Tk()
menu_var = tk.StringVar(value="Select an option")
menu = tk.OptionMenu(root, menu_var, "Operation One", "Operation Two")
button = tk.Button(root, text="Do it!", command=lambda: print("You chose: ", menu_var.get()))
menu.bind("<Escape>", lambda event: menu.unpost())
root.bind("<Key>", on_key_event)
menu.pack()
button.pack()
root.mainloop()
如果需要将下拉菜单作为常规控件使用,需要添加一些完善的功能,例如:
以下是完整代码示例:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
def do_something():
print("Did something.")
def do_another_thing():
print("Did another thing.")
def on_key_event(event):
if event.keysym == "F1":
menu.post(event.x_root, event.y_root)
return "break"
root = tk.Tk()
search_var = tk.StringVar()
search_var.trace("w", lambda name, index, mode, sv=search_var: update_listbox())
search_entry = tk.Entry(root, textvariable=search_var)
search_entry.pack()
options = ["Operation One", "Operation Two", "Another Option"]
listbox = tk.Listbox(root)
for option in options:
listbox.insert("end", option)
listbox.pack()
menu = ttk.Combobox(root, values=["Operation One", "Operation Two"])
button = tk.Button(root, text="Do it!", command=lambda: print("You chose: ", menu.get()))
menu.pack()
button.pack()
def update_listbox():
listbox.delete(0, "end")
search_term = search_var.get().lower()
for option in options:
if search_term in option.lower():
listbox.insert("end", option)
def on_select(event):
selection = event.widget.get(event.widget.curselection())
print("You selected:", selection)
menu.current(options.index(selection))
listbox.bind("<<ListboxSelect>>", on_select)
root.bind("<Key>", on_key_event)
root.mainloop()
以上就是创建按下特定键后发生的引导程序下拉菜单的完整步骤和示例代码。