1. 数据库管理系统(DBMS)：
DBMS，即数据库管理系统，是一组用于访问提供特定企业信息的数据的程序。它执行以下操作：创建、插入、删除、更新和检索信息。它是一个通用软件系统，可促进为各种应用程序定义、构建和操作数据库的过程。它使数据相互关联。
例子 –
MySQL、PostgreSQL、微软访问。
2. 电子表格：
包含行和列中的单元格并且可以帮助排列、计算和排序数据的文件称为电子表格。它可以有数值、文本、公式和函数。它具有列和行以保持插入的信息清晰易懂。它是一个电子图表。
例子 –
Microsoft Excel，莲花 1-2-3。
DBMS 和电子表格的区别：
| DBMS | Spreadsheet |
|---|---|
| It is a collection of inter-related data. | It is an electronic graph sheets with rows and columns. |
| It stores and retrieve the data. | It stores and analyzes the data. |
| It provides support for data organizing and selecting. | It provides support for complex calculations. |
| DBMS capacity is only limited by the computer. | Spreadsheets hold limited amount of information. |
| It is more towards the linkage and organization of data. | It is more towards calculations. |
| It can do simple calculations. | It can do simple data organizing and selecting. |
| Efficient data handling. | Inefficient data handling. |
| Example: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft Access. | Example: Microsoft Excel, Lotus 1-2-3. |