1. 关系模型：
关系模型是一种用于管理数据库的模型。之所以这样称呼，是因为数据以关系的形式存储，即以表格的形式存储。每一行都由相关数据组成。表中的这些行描述了一个真实世界的实体。要使用Python和关系数据模型，我们需要先决条件——SQL 和 Pandas。 Pandas 是一个Python库。
2. 文件模型：
在文档模型中，数据以文档的形式存储。文件由描述文件的实际和数据的记录组成。嵌套文档可用于提供有关数据子类别的信息。文档还可用于表示现实世界的对象。
关系模型和文档模型的区别：
| Relational Model | Document Model | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| It is row-based. | It is document-based. | ||||
| Not suitable for hierarchical data storage. | Generally used for hierarchical data storage. | ||||
| It consists of a predefined schema. | It consists a dynamic schema. | ||||
| ACID properties are followed by this model. (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability). | CAP theorem are followed by this model. (Consistency, Availability, and Partition tolerance). | ||||
| It is slower . | It is faster than Relational Model. | ||||
| Supports complex joins. | Does Not support for complex joins. | ||||
| It is column-based. | It is field-based. | They are vertically scalable | They are horizontally scalable | East replication support is not provided. | They provide easy replication support |
| It is more used now-a-days to store data in database. | It is comparatively less used. |