📜  Python列表 VS 数组 VS 元组

📅  最后修改于: 2021-09-11 03:39:13             🧑  作者: Mango

列表: 列表是可变的有序集合数据类型,这意味着它可以轻松修改,我们可以更改其数据值,并且可以对列表进行索引、切片和更改,并且可以使用列表中的索引值访问每个元素.以下是列表的主要特征:

  • 该列表是数据类型的有序集合。
  • 该列表是可变的。
  • 列表是动态的,可以包含不同数据类型的对象。
  • 列表元素可以通过索引号访问。

例子:

Python
# Python program to demonstrate List
 
list = ["mango", "strawberry", "orange",
        "apple", "banana"]
print(list)
 
# we can specify the range of the
# index by specifying where to start
# and where to end
print(list[2:4])
 
# we can also change the item in the
# list by using its index number
list[1] = "grapes"
print(list[1])


Python
# Python program to demonstrate 
# Creation of Array 
   
# importing "array" for array creations
import array as arr
   
# creating an array with integer type
a = arr.array('i', [1, 2, 3])
   
# printing original array
print ("The new created array is : ", end =" ")
for i in range (0, 3):
    print (a[i], end =" ")
print()
   
# creating an array with float type
b = arr.array('d', [2.5, 3.2, 3.3])
   
# printing original array
print ("The new created array is : ", end =" ")
for i in range (0, 3):
    print (b[i], end =" ")


Python
tuple = ("orange","apple","banana")
print(tuple)
 
# we can access the items in
# the tuple by its index number
print(tuple[2])
 
#we can specify the range of the
# index by specifying where to start
# and where to end
print(tuple[0:2])


输出 :

['mango', 'strawberry', 'orange', 'apple', 'banana']
['orange', 'apple']
grapes

大批:  数组是存储在连续内存位置的项目的集合。这个想法是将多个相同类型的项目存储在一起。这使得通过简单地将偏移量添加到基值,即数组的第一个元素的内存位置(通常由数组的名称表示)来更容易地计算每个元素的位置。以下是 Array 的主要特征:

  • 数组是相似数据类型的有序集合。
  • 数组是可变的。
  • 可以使用数组的索引号访问数组。

例子:

Python

# Python program to demonstrate 
# Creation of Array 
   
# importing "array" for array creations
import array as arr
   
# creating an array with integer type
a = arr.array('i', [1, 2, 3])
   
# printing original array
print ("The new created array is : ", end =" ")
for i in range (0, 3):
    print (a[i], end =" ")
print()
   
# creating an array with float type
b = arr.array('d', [2.5, 3.2, 3.3])
   
# printing original array
print ("The new created array is : ", end =" ")
for i in range (0, 3):
    print (b[i], end =" ")

输出:

The new created array is :  1 2 3 
The new created array is :  2.5 3.2 3.3

元组:  元组是一种有序且不可变的数据类型,这意味着我们不能更改它的值,并且元组写在圆括号中。我们可以通过引用方括号内的索引号来访问元组。以下是元组的主要特征:

  • 元组是不可变的,可以存储任何类型的数据类型。
  • 它是使用 () 定义的。
  • 它无法更改或替换,因为它是不可变的数据类型。

例子:

Python

tuple = ("orange","apple","banana")
print(tuple)
 
# we can access the items in
# the tuple by its index number
print(tuple[2])
 
#we can specify the range of the
# index by specifying where to start
# and where to end
print(tuple[0:2])

输出 :

('orange', 'apple', 'banana')
banana
('orange', 'apple')

List、Array 和 Tuple 之间的差异表:

List

Array

Tuple

List is mutable Array is mutable Tuple is immutable
A list is ordered collection of items An array is ordered collection of items A tuple is an ordered collection of items
Item in the list can be changed or replaced Item in the array can be changed or replaced Item in the tuple cannot be changed or replaced
List can store more than one data type Array can store only similar data types Tuple can store more than one data type