先决条件 – 微控制器 (µC) 和微处理器 (µP)
微控制器是单个集成电路 (IC),可与小型独立计算机相媲美,旨在执行嵌入式系统的特定任务。 8051 和 MSP430 属于微控制器系列。 8051 微控制器和 MSP430 微控制器在不同的架构和不同的指令集、速度、转换、内存、功耗、总线宽度等方面彼此不同。 现在让我们详细了解它们究竟是什么以及它们有何不同从彼此。
1. 8051 微控制器:
它是一个 8 位微控制器系列。它是一款入门级微控制器,用于世界各地的大多数基本应用,功耗低,预算低。由Intel于1981年开发。8051微控制器具有串行通信、定时器、中断等多种功能。该微控制器用于各种设备,主要领域包括汽车、医疗设备和能源管理。现在 8051 微控制器可能看起来有点过时,但仍然被推荐作为开始使用 8051 微控制器的微控制器概念的最佳平台,尽管这种趋势似乎随着 8051 微控制器的引入而改变AVR社区的Arduino。
2. MSP430 微控制器:
它是德州仪器 (TI) 的 16 位微控制器系列,于 1992 年 2 月 14 日首次推出。它是最简单的微控制器之一,专为低成本,特别是低功耗嵌入式应用而设计。它是一个混合信号微控制器,意味着单个 IC 具有模拟和数字电路。 MSP430 微控制器基于冯诺依曼架构。它可以使用各种 IDE 进行编程。它比 PIC、AVR 和其他微控制器的速度相对较快。
8051和MSP430的区别:
S.No. | 8051 | MSP430 |
---|---|---|
1. | 8051 is a 8-bit micro-controller. | MSP430 is a 16-bit micro-controller. |
2. | 8051 micro-controller had 128 bytes of internal RAM. But modern variants of 8051 have 256 bytes of RAM. | MSP430 micro-controller has 28/256/512 Bytes RAM/SRAM. |
3. | 8051 ROM size is internally 4KB on chip and it can be extended upto 64KB. | MSP430 ROM size varies 2/4/8/16 KB also offers upto up to 32 KB. |
4. | No word instruction in general byte instruction. | Word and byte instructions. |
5. | Some special bit instructions for a limited address range. | No bit instruction. Equivalent bit instruction can be obtained by use of a mask. |
6. | It can handle only digital signal. | It can handle mixed signals. |
7. | Its speed is 12 clock/instruction cycle. | Its speed is 6 clock/instruction cycle. |
8. | Its power consumption is average. | Its power consumption is ultra low. |
9. | In 8051 micro-controller, no power saving modes. | In MSP430 micro-controller, 5 power saving modes. |
10. | Multiplications and MAC operations are done in software in case of 8051 micro-controller. | Hardware multiplier and MAC units in MSP430 micro-controller. |
11. | Its families include 8051 variants. | Its families include MSP430X, MSP430FR57xx, MSP430x1xx to x6xx series. |
12. | 8051 micro-controller cost is very low. | MSP430 micro-controller cost is average. |
13. | Popular Micro-controllers AT89C51, P89v51, etc. | Popular Micro-controller MSP430G2553, MSP430 launchpad. |
14. | Its manufacturers are NXP, Atmel, Silicon Labs, Dallas, Cyprus, Infineon, etc. | Its manufacturer is Texas Instrument. |