1. Linux：
Linux 是一组开源的类 Unix 操作系统，由 Linus Torvalds 开发。它是一个打包的 Linux 发行版。一些最常用的 Linux 发行版是 Debian、Fedora 和 Ubuntu。它基本上是用C语言和汇编语言编写的。 Linux 中使用的内核是 Monolithic 内核。 Linux 发行版的目标系统是云计算、嵌入式系统、移动设备、个人计算机、服务器、大型计算机和超级计算机。 Linux 的第一个版本于 1991 年推出。
2. 系统：
macOS 是 Apple Incorporation 提供的一系列专有图形操作系统。它早期被称为 Mac OS X，后来被称为 OS X。它是专门为 Apple mac 计算机设计的。它基于Unix操作系统。它是使用 C、C++、Objective-C、汇编语言和 Swift 开发的。它是个人计算机中仅次于 Windows 的第二大常用操作系统。苹果公司于 2001 年推出了 macOS 的第一个版本。
Linux 和 macOS 的区别：
| S.No. | LINUX | MACOS |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | It was developed by Linus Torvalds. | It was developed by Apple Incorporation. |
| 2. | It was launched in 1991. | It was launched in 2001. |
| 3. | Its target system types are embedded systems, mobile devices, personal computers, servers, mainframe computers and supercomputers. | Its target system types are workstation, personal computers and embedded systems. |
| 4. | Computer architectures supported by Linux are IA-32, x86-64, ARM, PowerPC and SPARC. | Computer architectures supported by macOS are Ax86-64(10.4.7-present), IA-32(10.4.4-10.6.8) and PowerPC(10.0-10.5.8). |
| 5. | Its kernel type is Monolithic. | Its kernel type is Hybrid with modules. |
| 6. | Its native APIs are LINUX/POSIX. | Its native APIs are Carbon, Cocoa, Java and BSD-POSIX. |
| 7. | It has preferred license of GNU GPLv2 (kernel). | It has the preferred license of Proprietary, APSL and GNU GPL. |
| 8. | Its package management depends on the distribution. | Its package management is macOS installer. |
| 9. | The non-native APIs supported through its subsystems are Mono, Java, Win16 and Win32. | The non-native APIs supported through its subsystems are Toolbox, Win16 and Win32. |
| 10. | Its update management depends on the distribution. | Its update management is Software Update. |
| 11. | File systems supported by Linux are ext2, ext3, ext4, btrfs, ReiserFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF and NFS. | File systems supported by macOS are HFS+, APFS, HFS, UFS, AFP, ISO 9660, FAT, UDF, NFS, SMBFS, NTFS, FTP, WebDAV and ZFS. |