先决条件 – 网络拓扑类型
1. 网状拓扑：
网状拓扑是一种网络拓扑，其中每台计算机都连接到网络中的所有其他计算机。它是最容错的网络拓扑，因为它有多个连接。在网状拓扑中，每台计算机通过一个点连接到另一台计算机指向链接。如果有 n 个组件，则每个组件都连接到 n-1 个其他组件，即具有 n 个组件的网状拓扑将具有 n(n-1)/2。网状拓扑可以有两种类型，即全网状拓扑和部分网状拓扑。网状拓扑是最健壮和可靠的拓扑之一。
2. 总线拓扑：
总线拓扑是一种网络拓扑，其中所有设备都连接在一根电缆上，称为网络的骨干。它在电缆的每一端都有一个终结器。网线负责之间的通信设备，当数据到达电缆末端时，它会被数据线的终结器移除。当设备以线性方式连接时，这是最简单的网络拓扑。
网状拓扑和总线拓扑的区别：
| S.NO. | Mesh Topology | Bus Topology |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Mesh topology is a topology where each device is connected to every other device in the network. | Bus topology is a topology where each device is connected to a single cable which is known as the backbone. |
| 2. | In Mesh topology failure of one device will not cause the break in transfer of data. | In Bus topology the failure of the network cable will cause the whole network to fail . |
| 3. | Mesh topology can manage high amount of traffic in the network as multiple devices can transmit data. | Bus topology can not effectively manage high amount of traffic as if there is high traffic then performance of the network is affected. |
| 4. | Mesh topology is more costly than bus topology. | Bus topology is less costly as compared to mesh topology. |
| 5. | Mesh topology is more complex to understand as compared to bus topology. | Bus topology is relatively easier to understand. |
| 6. | Mesh topology transmits data faster than bus topology. | In Bus topology the data is transmitted slower as compared to mesh topology. |
| 7. | Mesh topology provides more security than bus topology. | Bus topology provides less security as compared to mesh topology. |