先决条件 – 区域网络类型 – LAN、MAN 和 WAN
局域网 (LAN)：
LAN 是一组网络设备，允许连接的设备之间进行通信。私有制拥有对局域网而非公共的控制权。 LAN 的传播延迟比 MAN 和 WAN 短。它覆盖最小的区域，如：学院、学校医院等。
广域网 (WAN)：
广域网比局域网和城域网覆盖的区域更大，例如：国家/大陆等。广域网很昂贵，应该或可能不属于一个组织。 PSTN 或卫星媒体用于广域网。
我们来看看局域网和广域网的区别：
| S.NO | LAN | WAN |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | LAN stands for Local Area Network. | Whereas WAN stands for Wide Area Network. |
| 2. | LAN’s ownership is private. | But WAN’s ownership can be private or public. |
| 3. | The speed of LAN is high(more than WAN). | While the speed of WAN is slower than LAN. |
| 4. | The propagation delay is short in LAN. | Whereas the propagation delay in WAN is long(longer than LAN). |
| 5. | There is less congestion in LAN(local area network). | While there is more congestion in WAN(Wide Area Network). |
| 6. | There is more fault tolerance in LAN. | While there is less fault tolerance in WAN. |
| 7. | LAN’s design and maintenance is easy. | While it’s design and maintenance is difficult than LAN. |
| 8. | LAN covers small area i.e. within the building. | While WAN covers large geographical area. |
| 9. | LAN operates on the principle of broadcasting. | While WAN works on the principle of point to point. |
| 10. | Transmission medium used in LAN is co-axial or UTP cable. | Whereas WAN uses PSTN or satellite link as a transmission or communication medium. |