如果出现以下情况,则称十进制数为单调数:
.
编写一个程序,在输入中接受正数 n 并返回长度为 n 的单调十进制数的个数。数字不能以 0 开头。
例子 :
Input : 1
Output : 9
Numbers are 1, 2, 3, ... 9
Input : 2
Output : 45
Numbers are 11, 12, 13, .... 22, 23
...29, 33, 34, ... 39.
Count is 9 + 8 + 7 ... + 1 = 45
说明:让我们从单调数的例子开始:
所有这些数字都是单调的,因为高位的每个数字都是比它之前的那个。
什么是长度为 1 且数字为 1 或 2 的单调数?一开始就问自己是个问题。我们可以看到可能的数字是:
这很简单,现在让我们将问题扩展到数字 1、2 和 3:
现在不同的问题,只有1和长度3的不同单调数有哪些?
现在让我们尝试在长度为 3 的二维数组中绘制这个非常简单的观察结果,其中第一列是字符串的长度,第一行是可能的数字:
让我们尝试填充第 3 行第 3 列(由长度为 2 的数字 1 或 2 组成的单调数字的数量)。这应该是:
如果我们仔细观察,我们已经有了这个集合的子集,即:
– 长度为 2 且由 1 或 2 组成的单调数字
– 长度为 2 且由数字 2 组成的单调数
我们只需要添加以前的值以获得更长的值。
最终矩阵应如下所示:
C++
// CPP program to count numbers of n digits
// that are monotone.
#include
#include
// Considering all possible digits as
// {1, 2, 3, ..9}
int static const DP_s = 9;
int getNumMonotone(int len)
{
// DP[i][j] is going to store monotone
// numbers of length i+1 considering
// j+1 digits.
int DP[len][DP_s];
memset(DP, 0, sizeof(DP));
// Unit length numbers
for (int i = 0; i < DP_s; ++i)
DP[0][i] = i + 1;
// Single digit numbers
for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
DP[i][0] = 1;
// Filling rest of the entries in bottom
// up manner.
for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i)
for (int j = 1; j < DP_s; ++j)
DP[i][j] = DP[i - 1][j] + DP[i][j - 1];
return DP[len - 1][DP_s - 1];
}
// Driver code.
int main()
{
std::cout << getNumMonotone(10);
return 0;
}
Java
// Java program to count numbers
// of n digits that are monotone.
class GFG
{
// Considering all possible
// digits as {1, 2, 3, ..9}
static final int DP_s = 9;
static int getNumMonotone(int len)
{
// DP[i][j] is going to store
// monotone numbers of length
// i+1 considering j+1 digits.
int[][] DP = new int[len][DP_s];
// Unit length numbers
for (int i = 0; i < DP_s; ++i)
DP[0][i] = i + 1;
// Single digit numbers
for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
DP[i][0] = 1;
// Filling rest of the entries
// in bottom up manner.
for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i)
for (int j = 1; j < DP_s; ++j)
DP[i][j] = DP[i - 1][j]
+ DP[i][j - 1];
return DP[len - 1][DP_s - 1];
}
// Driver code.
public static void main (String[] args)
{
System.out.println(getNumMonotone(10));
}
}
// This code is contributed by Ansu Kumari.
Python3
# Python3 program to count numbers of n
# digits that are monotone.
# Considering all possible digits as
# {1, 2, 3, ..9}
DP_s = 9
def getNumMonotone(ln):
# DP[i][j] is going to store monotone
# numbers of length i+1 considering
# j+1 digits.
DP = [[0]*DP_s for i in range(ln)]
# Unit length numbers
for i in range(DP_s):
DP[0][i] = i + 1
# Single digit numbers
for i in range(ln):
DP[i][0] = 1
# Filling rest of the entries
# in bottom up manner.
for i in range(1, ln):
for j in range(1, DP_s):
DP[i][j] = DP[i - 1][j] + DP[i][j - 1]
return DP[ln - 1][DP_s - 1]
# Driver code
print(getNumMonotone(10))
# This code is contributed by Ansu Kumari
C#
// C# program to count numbers
// of n digits that are monotone.
using System;
class GFG
{
// Considering all possible
// digits as {1, 2, 3, ..9}
static int DP_s = 9;
static int getNumMonotone(int len)
{
// DP[i][j] is going to store
// monotone numbers of length
// i+1 considering j+1 digits.
int[,] DP = new int[len,DP_s];
// Unit length numbers
for (int i = 0; i < DP_s; ++i)
DP[0,i] = i + 1;
// Single digit numbers
for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
DP[i,0] = 1;
// Filling rest of the entries
// in bottom up manner.
for (int i = 1; i < len; ++i)
for (int j = 1; j < DP_s; ++j)
DP[i,j] = DP[i - 1,j]
+ DP[i,j - 1];
return DP[len - 1,DP_s - 1];
}
// Driver code.
public static void Main ()
{
Console.WriteLine(getNumMonotone(10));
}
}
// This code is contributed by vt_m.
PHP
输出 :
43758
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