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📜  Python Tkinter列表框

📅  最后修改于: 2020-10-27 01:52:05             🧑  作者: Mango

Python Tkinter列表框

列表框窗口小部件用于向用户显示列表项。我们只能在列表框中放置文本项，并且所有文本项都包含相同的字体和颜色。

用户可以根据配置从列表中选择一项或多项。

下面列出了使用列表框的语法。

w = Listbox(parent, options)

下面列出了可能的选项。

SN Option Description
1 bg The background color of the widget.
2 bd It represents the size of the border. Default value is 2 pixel.
3 cursor The mouse pointer will look like the cursor type like dot, arrow, etc.
4 font The font type of the Listbox items.
5 fg The color of the text.
6 height It represents the count of the lines shown in the Listbox. The default value is 10.
7 highlightcolor The color of the Listbox items when the widget is under focus.
8 highlightthickness The thickness of the highlight.
9 relief The type of the border. The default is SUNKEN.
10 selectbackground The background color that is used to display the selected text.
11 selectmode It is used to determine the number of items that can be selected from the list. It can set to BROWSE, SINGLE, MULTIPLE, EXTENDED.
12 width It represents the width of the widget in characters.
13 xscrollcommand It is used to let the user scroll the Listbox horizontally.
14 yscrollcommand It is used to let the user scroll the Listbox vertically.

方法

有与列表框关联的以下方法。

SN Method Description
1 activate(index) It is used to select the lines at the specified index.
2 curselection() It returns a tuple containing the line numbers of the selected element or elements, counting from 0. If nothing is selected, returns an empty tuple.
3 delete(first, last = None) It is used to delete the lines which exist in the given range.
4 get(first, last = None) It is used to get the list items that exist in the given range.
5 index(i) It is used to place the line with the specified index at the top of the widget.
6 insert(index, *elements) It is used to insert the new lines with the specified number of elements before the specified index.
7 nearest(y) It returns the index of the nearest line to the y coordinate of the Listbox widget.
8 see(index) It is used to adjust the position of the listbox to make the lines specified by the index visible.
9 size() It returns the number of lines that are present in the Listbox widget.
10 xview() This is used to make the widget horizontally scrollable.
11 xview_moveto(fraction) It is used to make the listbox horizontally scrollable by the fraction of width of the longest line present in the listbox.
12 xview_scroll(number, what) It is used to make the listbox horizontally scrollable by the number of characters specified.
13 yview() It allows the Listbox to be vertically scrollable.
14 yview_moveto(fraction) It is used to make the listbox vertically scrollable by the fraction of width of the longest line present in the listbox.
15 yview_scroll (number, what) It is used to make the listbox vertically scrollable by the number of characters specified.

例子1

# !/usr/bin/python3

from tkinter import *

top = Tk()

top.geometry("200x250")

lbl = Label(top,text = "A list of favourite countries...")

listbox = Listbox(top)

listbox.insert(1,"India")

listbox.insert(2, "USA")

listbox.insert(3, "Japan")

listbox.insert(4, "Austrelia")

lbl.pack()
listbox.pack()

top.mainloop()

输出：

示例2：从列表中删除活动项

# !/usr/bin/python3

from tkinter import *

top = Tk()

top.geometry("200x250")

lbl = Label(top,text = "A list of favourite countries...")

listbox = Listbox(top)

listbox.insert(1,"India")

listbox.insert(2, "USA")

listbox.insert(3, "Japan")

listbox.insert(4, "Austrelia")

#this button will delete the selected item from the list 

btn = Button(top, text = "delete", command = lambda listbox=listbox: listbox.delete(ANCHOR))

lbl.pack()


listbox.pack()

btn.pack()
top.mainloop()

输出：

按下删除按钮后。