📅  最后修改于: 2020-11-04 05:10:04             🧑  作者: Mango
D提供以下两种类型的字符串表示形式-
我们可以用两种形式之一表示字符数组,如下所示。第一种形式直接提供大小,第二种形式使用dup方法创建字符串“ Good morning”的可写副本。
char[9] greeting1 = "Hello all";
char[] greeting2 = "Good morning".dup;
这是使用上述简单字符数组形式的简单示例。
import std.stdio;
void main(string[] args) {
char[9] greeting1 = "Hello all";
writefln("%s",greeting1);
char[] greeting2 = "Good morning".dup;
writefln("%s",greeting2);
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时,产生的结果如下:
Hello all
Good morning
字符串内置于D的核心语言中。这些字符串可与上面显示的字符数组互操作。以下示例显示了一个简单的字符串表示形式。
string greeting1 = "Hello all";
import std.stdio;
void main(string[] args) {
string greeting1 = "Hello all";
writefln("%s",greeting1);
char[] greeting2 = "Good morning".dup;
writefln("%s",greeting2);
string greeting3 = greeting1;
writefln("%s",greeting3);
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时,产生的结果如下:
Hello all
Good morning
Hello all
D编程中的字符串连接使用tilde(〜)符号。
import std.stdio;
void main(string[] args) {
string greeting1 = "Good";
char[] greeting2 = "morning".dup;
char[] greeting3 = greeting1~" "~greeting2;
writefln("%s",greeting3);
string greeting4 = "morning";
string greeting5 = greeting1~" "~greeting4;
writefln("%s",greeting5);
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时,产生的结果如下:
Good morning
Good morning
字符串的长度(以字节为单位)可以通过长度函数来检索。
import std.stdio;
void main(string[] args) {
string greeting1 = "Good";
writefln("Length of string greeting1 is %d",greeting1.length);
char[] greeting2 = "morning".dup;
writefln("Length of string greeting2 is %d",greeting2.length);
}
编译并执行上述代码后,将产生以下结果-
Length of string greeting1 is 4
Length of string greeting2 is 7
字符串比较在D编程中非常容易。您可以使用==,<和>运算符进行字符串比较。
import std.stdio;
void main() {
string s1 = "Hello";
string s2 = "World";
string s3 = "World";
if (s2 == s3) {
writeln("s2: ",s2," and S3: ",s3, " are the same!");
}
if (s1 < s2) {
writeln("'", s1, "' comes before '", s2, "'.");
} else {
writeln("'", s2, "' comes before '", s1, "'.");
}
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时,产生的结果如下:
s2: World and S3: World are the same!
'Hello' comes before 'World'.
我们可以使用字符串[]替换字符串。
import std.stdio;
import std.string;
void main() {
char[] s1 = "hello world ".dup;
char[] s2 = "sample".dup;
s1[6..12] = s2[0..6];
writeln(s1);
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时,产生的结果如下:
hello sample
在下面的示例中说明了用于在字符串中包括indexOf和lastIndexOf的子字符串的位置的索引方法。
import std.stdio;
import std.string;
void main() {
char[] s1 = "hello World ".dup;
writeln("indexOf of llo in hello is ",std.string.indexOf(s1,"llo"));
writeln(s1);
writeln("lastIndexOf of O in hello is " ,std.string.lastIndexOf(s1,"O",CaseSensitive.no));
}
编译并执行上述代码后,将产生以下结果-
indexOf.of llo in hello is 2
hello World
lastIndexOf of O in hello is 7
以下示例显示了用于更改案例的方法。
import std.stdio;
import std.string;
void main() {
char[] s1 = "hello World ".dup;
writeln("Capitalized string of s1 is ",capitalize(s1));
writeln("Uppercase string of s1 is ",toUpper(s1));
writeln("Lowercase string of s1 is ",toLower(s1));
}
编译并执行上述代码后,将产生以下结果-
Capitalized string of s1 is Hello world
Uppercase string of s1 is HELLO WORLD
Lowercase string of s1 is hello world
下例显示了字符串中的重串字符。
import std.stdio;
import std.string;
void main() {
string s = "H123Hello1";
string result = munch(s, "0123456789H");
writeln("Restrict trailing characters:",result);
result = squeeze(s, "0123456789H");
writeln("Restrict leading characters:",result);
s = " Hello World ";
writeln("Stripping leading and trailing whitespace:",strip(s));
}
编译并执行上述代码后,将产生以下结果-
Restrict trailing characters:H123H
Restrict leading characters:ello1
Stripping leading and trailing whitespace:Hello World