📜  Dart编程-字符串

📅  最后修改于: 2020-11-05 04:16:54             🧑  作者: Mango


String数据类型表示字符序列。 Dart字符串是UTF 16代码单元的序列。

Dart中的字符串值可以使用单引号,双引号或三引号表示。单行字符串使用单引号或双引号表示。三引号用于表示多行字符串。

在Dart中表示字符串值的语法如下所示-

句法

String  variable_name = 'value'  

OR  

String  variable_name = ''value''  

OR  

String  variable_name = '''line1 
line2'''  

OR  

String  variable_name= ''''''line1 
line2''''''

以下示例说明了Dart中String数据类型的用法。

void main() { 
   String str1 = 'this is a single line string'; 
   String str2 = "this is a single line string"; 
   String str3 = '''this is a multiline line string'''; 
   String str4 = """this is a multiline line string"""; 
   
   print(str1);
   print(str2); 
   print(str3); 
   print(str4); 
}

它将产生以下输出

this is a single line string 
this is a single line string 
this is a multiline line string 
this is a multiline line string 

字符串是不可变的。但是,字符串可以进行各种操作,并且结果字符串可以作为新值存储。

字符串插值

通过将值附加到静态字符串来创建新字符串的过程称为串联插值。换句话说,这是将一个字符串添加到另一个字符串。

运算符加号(+)是连接/插值字符串的常用机制。

例子1

void main() { 
   String str1 = "hello"; 
   String str2 = "world"; 
   String res = str1+str2; 
   
   print("The concatenated string : ${res}"); 
}

它将产生以下输出

The concatenated string : Helloworld

例子2

您可以使用“ $ {}”来在字符串内插Dart表达式的值。以下示例对此进行了说明。

void main() { 
   int n=1+1; 
   
   String str1 = "The sum of 1 and 1 is ${n}"; 
   print(str1); 
   
   String str2 = "The sum of 2 and 2 is ${2+2}"; 
   print(str2); 
}

它将产生以下输出

The sum of 1 and 1 is 2 
The sum of 2 and 2 is 4

字符串属性

下表中列出的属性都是只读的。

Sr.No Property & Description
1 codeUnits

Returns an unmodifiable list of the UTF-16 code units of this string.

2 isEmpty

Returns true if this string is empty.

3 Length

Returns the length of the string including space, tab and newline characters.

操纵字符串的方法

dart:core库中的String类还提供了操作字符串的方法。这些方法中的一些在下面给出-

Sr.No Methods & Description
1 toLowerCase()

Converts all characters in this string to lower case.

2 toUpperCase()

Converts all characters in this string to upper case.

3 trim()

Returns the string without any leading and trailing whitespace.

4 compareTo()

Compares this object to another.

5 replaceAll()

Replaces all substrings that match the specified pattern with a given value.

6 split()

Splits the string at matches of the specified delimiter and returns a list of substrings.

7 substring()

Returns the substring of this string that extends from startIndex, inclusive, to endIndex, exclusive.

8 toString()

Returns a string representation of this object.

9 codeUnitAt()

Returns the 16-bit UTF-16 code unit at the given index.