📅  最后修改于: 2020-11-18 09:02:10             🧑  作者: Mango
您输入电子表格中的任何数据始终存储在单元格中。我们使用行和列的标签来标识单元格。本章介绍如何使用Java编程来操作电子表格中单元格中的数据。
您需要在创建单元格之前创建一行。行仅是单元格的集合。
以下代码段用于创建单元格。
//create new workbook
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
//create spreadsheet with a name
XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("new sheet");
//create first row on a created spreadsheet
XSSFRow row = spreadsheet.createRow(0);
//create first cell on created row
XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(0);
单元格类型指定单元格是否可以包含字符串,数字值或公式。字符串单元格不能容纳数值,数字单元格不能容纳字符串。下面给出的是单元格的类型,它们的值和类型语法。
Type of cell value | Type Syntax |
---|---|
Blank cell value | XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK |
Boolean cell value | XSSFCell.CELL.TYPE_BOOLEAN |
Error cell value | XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR |
Numeric cell value | XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC |
String cell value | XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING |
以下代码用于在电子表格中创建不同类型的单元格。
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class TypesofCells {
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("cell types");
XSSFRow row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 2);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue("Type of Cell");
row.createCell(1).setCellValue("cell value");
row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 3);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type BLANK");
row.createCell(1);
row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 4);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type BOOLEAN");
row.createCell(1).setCellValue(true);
row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 5);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type ERROR");
row.createCell(1).setCellValue(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR );
row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 6);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type date");
row.createCell(1).setCellValue(new Date());
row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 7);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type numeric");
row.createCell(1).setCellValue(20 );
row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 8);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type string");
row.createCell(1).setCellValue("A String");
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("typesofcells.xlsx"));
workbook.write(out);
out.close();
System.out.println("typesofcells.xlsx written successfully");
}
}
将上面的代码保存在一个名为TypesofCells.java的文件中,在命令提示符下进行编译并执行,如下所示。
$javac TypesofCells.java
$java TypesofCells
如果您的系统配置了POI库,则它将编译并执行以在当前目录中生成一个名为typesofcells.xlsx的Excel文件,并显示以下输出。
typesofcells.xlsx written successfully
typeofcells.xlsx文件如下所示。
在这里,您可以学习如何进行单元格格式化以及如何应用不同的样式,例如合并相邻的单元格,添加边框,设置单元格对齐方式以及用颜色填充。
以下代码用于使用Java编程将不同的样式应用于单元格。
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class CellStyle {
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("cellstyle");
XSSFRow row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 1);
row.setHeight((short) 800);
XSSFCell cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell((short) 1);
cell.setCellValue("test of merging");
//MEARGING CELLS
//this statement for merging cells
spreadsheet.addMergedRegion(
new CellRangeAddress(
1, //first row (0-based)
1, //last row (0-based)
1, //first column (0-based)
4 //last column (0-based)
)
);
//CELL Alignment
row = spreadsheet.createRow(5);
cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell(0);
row.setHeight((short) 800);
// Top Left alignment
XSSFCellStyle style1 = workbook.createCellStyle();
spreadsheet.setColumnWidth(0, 8000);
style1.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
style1.setVerticalAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_TOP);
cell.setCellValue("Top Left");
cell.setCellStyle(style1);
row = spreadsheet.createRow(6);
cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell(1);
row.setHeight((short) 800);
// Center Align Cell Contents
XSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
style2.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
style2.setVerticalAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
cell.setCellValue("Center Aligned");
cell.setCellStyle(style2);
row = spreadsheet.createRow(7);
cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell(2);
row.setHeight((short) 800);
// Bottom Right alignment
XSSFCellStyle style3 = workbook.createCellStyle();
style3.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT);
style3.setVerticalAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_BOTTOM);
cell.setCellValue("Bottom Right");
cell.setCellStyle(style3);
row = spreadsheet.createRow(8);
cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell(3);
// Justified Alignment
XSSFCellStyle style4 = workbook.createCellStyle();
style4.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_JUSTIFY);
style4.setVerticalAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_JUSTIFY);
cell.setCellValue("Contents are Justified in Alignment");
cell.setCellStyle(style4);
//CELL BORDER
row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 10);
row.setHeight((short) 800);
cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell((short) 1);
cell.setCellValue("BORDER");
XSSFCellStyle style5 = workbook.createCellStyle();
style5.setBorderBottom(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THICK);
style5.setBottomBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLUE.getIndex());
style5.setBorderLeft(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOUBLE);
style5.setLeftBorderColor(IndexedColors.GREEN.getIndex());
style5.setBorderRight(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_HAIR);
style5.setRightBorderColor(IndexedColors.RED.getIndex());
style5.setBorderTop(XSSFCellStyle.BIG_SPOTS);
style5.setTopBorderColor(IndexedColors.CORAL.getIndex());
cell.setCellStyle(style5);
//Fill Colors
//background color
row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 10 );
cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell((short) 1);
XSSFCellStyle style6 = workbook.createCellStyle();
style6.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.LEMON_CHIFFON.index );
style6.setFillPattern(XSSFCellStyle.LESS_DOTS);
style6.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_FILL);
spreadsheet.setColumnWidth(1,8000);
cell.setCellValue("FILL BACKGROUNG/FILL PATTERN");
cell.setCellStyle(style6);
//Foreground color
row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 12);
cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell((short) 1);
XSSFCellStyle style7 = workbook.createCellStyle();
style7.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
style7.setFillPattern( XSSFCellStyle.LESS_DOTS);
style7.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_FILL);
cell.setCellValue("FILL FOREGROUND/FILL PATTERN");
cell.setCellStyle(style7);
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("cellstyle.xlsx"));
workbook.write(out);
out.close();
System.out.println("cellstyle.xlsx written successfully");
}
}
将上面的代码保存在一个名为CellStyle.java的文件中,按如下所示在命令提示符下编译并执行它。
$javac CellStyle.java
$java CellStyle
它将在当前目录中生成一个名为cellstyle.xlsx的Excel文件,并显示以下输出。
cellstyle.xlsx written successfully
cellstyle.xlsx文件如下所示。