Python|使用 XlsxWriter 模块绘制带有渐变填充的 Excel 图表

先决条件：在 Excel 工作表上创建和书写
XlsxWriter是一个Python库，使用它可以对 excel 文件执行多种操作，例如创建、写入、算术运算和绘图。让我们看看如何使用实时数据绘制带有渐变填充的图表。
图表由至少一系列的一个或多个数据点组成。系列本身由对单元格范围的引用组成。为了在 Excel 表上绘制图表，首先，创建一个特定图表类型的图表对象（即柱形图等）。创建图表对象后，在其中插入数据，最后，将该图表对象添加到工作表对象中。

代码 #1：在列中绘制带有渐变填充的图表。
要在 Excel 工作表上绘制这种类型的图表，请使用带有图表对象的“渐变”关键字参数的add_series () 方法。

Python3

# import xlsxwriter module
import xlsxwriter
 
# Workbook() takes one, non-optional, argument  
# which is the filename that we want to create.
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('chart_gradient1.xlsx')
 
# The workbook object is then used to add new  
# worksheet via the add_worksheet() method.
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
 
# Create a new Format object to formats cells
# in worksheets using add_format() method .
   
# here we create bold format object .
bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': 1})
 
# Add the worksheet data that the charts will refer to.
headings = ['Number', 'Batch 1', 'Batch 2']
data = [
    [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
    [10, 40, 50, 20, 10, 50],
    [30, 60, 70, 50, 40, 30],
]
 
 
# Write a row of data starting from 'A1'
# with bold format
worksheet.write_row('A1', headings, bold)
 
# Write a column of data starting from 
# 'A2', 'B2', 'C2' respectively .
worksheet.write_column('A2', data[0])
worksheet.write_column('B2', data[1])
worksheet.write_column('C2', data[2])
 
# Create a chart object that can be added
# to a worksheet using add_chart() method.
 
# here we create a column chart object
chart = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column'})
 
# Add a data series with Gradient to a chart
# using add_series method.
   
# Configure the first series .
# = Sheet1 !$A$1 is equivalent to ['Sheet1', 0, 0].
 
# note : spaces is not inserted in b / w
# = and Sheet1, Sheet1 and !
# if space is inserted it throws warning.
chart.add_series({
    'name':       '= Sheet1 !$B$1',
    'categories': '= Sheet1 !$A$2:$A$7',
    'values':     '= Sheet1 !$B$2:$B$7',
    'gradient':   {'colors': ['# 963735', '# F1DCDB']}
})
 
# Configure the second series, including a gradient.
chart.add_series({
    'name':       '= Sheet1 !$C$1',
    'categories': '= Sheet1 !$A$2:$A$7',
    'values':     '= Sheet1 !$C$2:$C$7',
    'gradient':   {'colors': ['# E36C0A', '# FCEADA']}
})
 
# Add a chart title
chart.set_title ({'name': 'Chart With Gradient Fills'})
 
# Add x-axis label
chart.set_x_axis({'name': 'Test number'})
 
# Add y-axis label
chart.set_y_axis({'name': 'Sample length (mm)'})
 
# Turn off the chart legend.
chart.set_legend({'none': True})
 
# add chart to the worksheet with given
# offset values at the top-left corner of
# a chart is anchored to cell D2 .
worksheet.insert_chart('D2', chart,
  {'x_offset': 25, 'y_offset': 10})
 
# Finally, close the Excel file 
# via the close() method. 
workbook.close()

输出 ：

代码 #2：在绘图区域中绘制带有渐变填充的图表。
要在 Excel 工作表上绘制这种类型的图表，请使用带有图表对象的“渐变”关键字参数的set_plotarea () 方法。

Python3

# import xlsxwriter module
import xlsxwriter
 
# Workbook() takes one, non-optional, argument  
# which is the filename that we want to create.
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('chart_gradient2.xlsx')
 
# The workbook object is then used to add new  
# worksheet via the add_worksheet() method.
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
 
# Create a new Format object to formats cells
# in worksheets using add_format() method .
   
# here we create bold format object .
bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': 1})
 
# Add the worksheet data that the charts will refer to.
headings = ['Number', 'Batch 1', 'Batch 2']
data = [
    [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
    [10, 40, 50, 20, 10, 50],
    [30, 60, 70, 50, 40, 30],]
 
 
# Write a row of data starting from 'A1'
# with bold format
worksheet.write_row('A1', headings, bold)
 
# Write a column of data starting from 
# 'A2', 'B2', 'C2' respectively .
worksheet.write_column('A2', data[0])
worksheet.write_column('B2', data[1])
worksheet.write_column('C2', data[2])
 
# Create a chart object that can be added
# to a worksheet using add_chart() method.
 
# here we create a column chart object
chart = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column'})
 
# Add a data series to a chart
# using add_series method.
   
# Configure the first series .
# = Sheet1 !$A$1 is equivalent to ['Sheet1', 0, 0].
 
# note : spaces is not inserted in b / w
# = and Sheet1, Sheet1 and !
# if space is inserted it throws warning.
chart.add_series({
    'name':       '= Sheet1 !$B$1',
    'categories': '= Sheet1 !$A$2:$A$7',
    'values':     '= Sheet1 !$B$2:$B$7',})
 
# Configure the second series.
chart.add_series({
    'name':       '= Sheet1 !$C$1',
    'categories': '= Sheet1 !$A$2:$A$7',
    'values':     '= Sheet1 !$C$2:$C$7',})
 
# Set a gradient for the plotarea.
chart.set_plotarea({
    'gradient': {'colors': ['# FFEFD1', '# F0EBD5', '# B69F66']}
})
 
 
# Add a chart title
chart.set_title ({'name': 'Chart With Gradient Fills on Plot Area'})
 
# Add x-axis label
chart.set_x_axis({'name': 'Test number'})
 
# Add y-axis label
chart.set_y_axis({'name': 'Sample length (mm)'})
 
# Turn off the chart legend.
chart.set_legend({'none': True})
 
# add chart to the worksheet with given
# offset values at the top-left corner of
# a chart is anchored to cell D2 .
worksheet.insert_chart('D2', chart,
   {'x_offset': 25, 'y_offset': 10})
 
# Finally, close the Excel file 
# via the close() method. 
workbook.close()

输出 ：