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📜  你应该知道的 50 个常见端口

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:57:03.320000             🧑  作者: Mango

你应该知道的 50 个常见端口

端口号是一个 16 位的数值，范围从 0 到 65535。知名端口（0-1023）、注册端口（1024-49151）和动态端口是端口号空间的三种类型。 （49152-65535）。

这些端口可以被软件应用程序和操作系统服务打开和使用，以通过采用某些协议（例如 TCP、UDP）的网络（LAN 或 WAN）发送和接收数据。

例如，我们在日常工作中使用 80 用于基于 HTTP-web 的纯文本浏览，使用 443 用于基于 HTTPS-web 的加密网站。

总而言之，端口是一种逻辑形式，用于识别用于创建本地或基于网络的通信的系统活动或各种网络服务。

端口的作用是什么？

通过 Internet 进行交互时，TCP 和 UDP 协议会建立连接，在传输后重新编译数据包，然后将它们交付给接收方设备上的应用程序。要使此切换正常工作，操作系统必须安装并打开网关以进行传输。每扇门都有一个唯一的代码。传输后，接收系统使用端口号来确定数据应该发送到哪里。发送方和接收方的端口号始终包含在数据包中。

端口被分配了从 0 到 65536 的序列号。其中一些代码是标准化的，这意味着它们被分配给某些用途。由于代码编号是普遍认可和永久分配的，因此这些标准端口也称为众所周知的端口。注册端口是组织或软件开发人员为其应用程序注册的端口。注册由互联网号码分配机构 (IANA) 处理。还可以选择多种动态分配的端口号。例如，在查看网站时，浏览器会使用这些端口。之后，电话号码再次免费。

为什么了解这些端口很重要？

任何安全研究人员、漏洞赏金猎人或任何使用服务配置的人都将从中受益。了解如何对仍在基础架构中运行的古老服务进行更彻底的扫描（例如版本检测或已知漏洞），尤其是在使用 Nmap 等工具时，在了解这些协议和服务时非常方便。

此处列出了最重要的 50 个端口：

以下是一些最常见的服务名称、传输协议名称和端口号，用于区分使用 TCP、UDP、DCCP 和 SCTP 的特定服务。

Port Number     Service name Transport protocolDescription
7EchoTCP, UDPEcho service
20FTP-data TCP, SCTPFile Transfer Protocol data transfer
21FTP TCP, UDP, SCTPFile Transfer Protocol (FTP) control connection
22SSH-SCPTCP, UDP, SCTP  Secure Shell, secure logins, file transfers (scp, sftp), and port forwarding
23TelnetTCPTelnet protocol—unencrypted text communications
25SMTPTCP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, used for email routing between mail servers
53DNSTCP, UDP Domain Name System name resolver
69TFTPUDPTrivial File Transfer Protocol
80HTTPTCP, UDP, SCTP

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) uses TCP in versions 1.x and 2. 

HTTP/3 uses QUIC, a transport protocol on top of UDP

88KerberosTCP, UDPNetwork authentication system
102Iso-tsapTCPISO Transport Service Access Point (TSAP) Class 0 protocol
110POP3TCPPost Office Protocol, version 3 (POP3)
135Microsoft EPMAPTCP, UDPMicrosoft EPMAP (End Point Mapper), also known as DCE/RPC Locator service, used to remotely manage services including DHCP server, DNS server, and WINS. Also used by DCOM
137NetBIOS-nsTCP, UDP NetBIOS Name Service, used for name registration and resolution
139NetBIOS-ssnTCP, UDPNetBIOS Session Service
143IMAP4TCP, UDP Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), management of electronic mail messages on a server
381HP OpenviewTCP, UDPHP data alarm manager
383HP OpenviewTCP, UDPHP data alarm manager
443HTTP over SSLTCP, UDP, SCTPHypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) uses TCP in versions 1.x and 2. HTTP/3 uses QUIC, a transport protocol on top of UDP.
464KerberosTCP, UDPKerberos Change/Set password
465SMTP over TLS/SSL, SSMTCPAuthenticated SMTP over TLS/SSL (SMTPS), URL Rendezvous Directory for SSM (Cisco protocol)
587SMTPTCPEmail message submission
593Microsoft DCOMTCP, UDPHTTP RPC Ep Map, Remote procedure call over Hypertext Transfer Protocol, often used by Distributed Component Object Model services and Microsoft Exchange Server
636LDAP over TLS/SSLTCP, UDPLightweight Directory Access Protocol over TLS/SSL
691MS ExchangeTCPMS Exchange Routing
902VMware ServerunofficialVMware ESXi
989FTP over SSLTCP, UDPFTPS Protocol (data), FTP over TLS/SSL
990FTP over SSLTCP, UDP FTPS Protocol (control), FTP over TLS/SSL
993IMAP4 over SSLTCPInternet Message Access Protocol over TLS/SSL (IMAPS)
995POP3 over SSLTCP, UDPPost Office Protocol 3 over TLS/SSL
1025Microsoft RPCTCPMicrosoft operating systems tend to allocate one or more unsuspected, publicly exposed services (probably DCOM, but who knows) among the first handful of ports immediately above the end of the service port range (1024+).
1194OpenVPNTCP, UDPOpenVPN
1337WASTEunofficialWASTE Encrypted File Sharing Program
1589Cisco VQPTCP, UDPCisco VLAN Query Protocol (VQP)
1725SteamUDPValve Steam Client uses port 1725 
2082cPanelunofficialcPanel default
2083radsec, cPanelTCP, UDP Secure RADIUS Service (radsec), cPanel default SSL
2483Oracle DBTCP, UDPOracle database listening for insecure client connections to the listener, replaces port 1521
2484Oracle DBTCP, UDPOracle database listening for SSL client connections to the listener
2967Symantec AVTCP, UDPSymantec System Center agent (SSC-AGENT)
3074XBOX LiveTCP, UDPXbox LIVE and Games for Windows – Live
3306MySQLTCP MySQL database system
3724World of WarcraftTCP, UDPSome Blizzard games, Unofficial Club Penguin Disney online game for kids
4664Google DesktopunofficialGoogle Desktop Search
5432PostgreSQLTCPPostgreSQL database system
5900RFB/VNC ServerTCP, UDPvirtual Network Computing (VNC) Remote Frame Buffer RFB protocol
6665IRCTCPInternet Relay Chat 
6669IRCTCPInternet Relay Chat 
6881BitTorrentunofficialBitTorrent is part of the full range of ports used most often
6999BitTorrentunofficialBitTorrent is part of the full range of ports used most often
6970QuicktimeunofficialQuickTime Streaming Server
8086Kaspersky AVTCPKaspersky AV Control Center
8087Kaspersky AVUDPKaspersky AV Control Center
8222VMware ServerTCP, UDPVMware Server Management User Interface (insecure Web interface).
9100PDLTCPPDL Data Stream, used for printing to certain network printers[1
10000BackupExecunofficialWebmin, Web-based Unix/Linux system administration tool (default port)
12345NetBusunofficialNetBus remote administration tool (often Trojan horse).
27374Sub7unofficialSub7 default
18006Back OrificeunofficialBack Orifice 2000 remote administration tools