📜  删除链表中间的Java程序

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:57:45.445000             🧑  作者: Mango

删除链表中间的Java程序

给定一个单链表,删除链表的中间部分。例如,如果给定的链表是 1->2->3->4->5,那么链表应该修改为 1->2->4->5

如果有偶数个节点,那么就有两个中间节点,我们需要删除第二个中间元素。例如,如果给定的链表是 1->2->3->4->5->6,那么它应该被修改为 1->2->3->5->6。
如果输入链表为 NULL,那么它应该保持为 NULL。

如果输入链表有 1 个节点,则应删除该节点并返回一个新的头。

简单的解决方案:想法是首先计算链表中的节点数,然后使用简单的删除过程删除第 n/2 个节点。

Java
// Java program to delete middle
// of a linked list
import java.io.*;
class GFG {
  
    // Link list Node 
    static class Node 
    {
        int data;
        Node next;
    }
  
    // Utility function to create 
    // a new node.
    static Node newNode(int data)
    {
        Node temp = new Node();
        temp.data = data;
        temp.next = null;
        return temp;
    }
  
    // Count of nodes
    static int countOfNodes(Node head)
    {
        int count = 0;
        while (head != null) 
        {
            head = head.next;
            count++;
        }
        return count;
    }
  
    // Deletes middle node and returns
    // head of the modified list
    static Node deleteMid(Node head)
    {
        // Base cases
        if (head == null)
            return null;
        if (head.next == null) 
        {
            return null;
        }
        Node copyHead = head;
  
        // Find the count of nodes
        int count = countOfNodes(head);
  
        // Find the middle node
        int mid = count / 2;
  
        // Delete the middle node
        while (mid-- > 1) 
        {
            head = head.next;
        }
  
        // Delete the middle node
        head.next = head.next.next;
  
        return copyHead;
    }
  
    // A utility function to print
    // a given linked list
    static void printList(Node ptr)
    {
        while (ptr != null) 
        {
            System.out.print(ptr.data + 
                             "->");
            ptr = ptr.next;
        }
        System.out.println("NULL");
    }
  
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Start with the empty list 
        Node head = newNode(1);
        head.next = newNode(2);
        head.next.next = newNode(3);
        head.next.next.next = newNode(4);
  
        System.out.println("Given Linked List");
        printList(head);
        head = deleteMid(head);
        System.out.println(
               "Linked List after deletion of middle");
        printList(head);
    }
}
// This code is contributed by rajsanghavi9


Java
// Java program to delete the 
// middle of a linked list
class GfG 
{
    // Link list Node 
    static class Node 
    {
        int data;
        Node next;
    }
  
    // Deletes middle node and returns
    // head of the modified list
    static Node deleteMid(Node head)
    {
        // Base cases
        if (head == null)
            return null;
        if (head.next == null) 
        {
            return null;
        }
  
        // Initialize slow and fast pointers 
        // to reach middle of linked list
        Node slow_ptr = head;
        Node fast_ptr = head;
  
        // Find the middle and previous 
        // of middle.
        Node prev = null;
  
        // To store previous of slow_ptr
        while (fast_ptr != null && 
               fast_ptr.next != null) 
        {
            fast_ptr = fast_ptr.next.next;
            prev = slow_ptr;
            slow_ptr = slow_ptr.next;
        }
  
        // Delete the middle node
        prev.next = slow_ptr.next;
  
        return head;
    }
  
    // A utility function to print 
    // a given linked list
    static void printList(Node ptr)
    {
        while (ptr != null) 
        {
            System.out.print(ptr.data + "->");
            ptr = ptr.next;
        }
        System.out.println("NULL");
    }
  
    // Utility function to create a 
    // new node.
    static Node newNode(int data)
    {
        Node temp = new Node();
        temp.data = data;
        temp.next = null;
        return temp;
    }
  
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Start with the empty list 
        Node head = newNode(1);
        head.next = newNode(2);
        head.next.next = newNode(3);
        head.next.next.next = newNode(4);
  
        System.out.println("Given Linked List");
        printList(head);
        head = deleteMid(head);
        System.out.println("Linked List after deletion of middle");
        printList(head);
    }
}
// This code is contributed by Prerna saini


输出:

Given Linked List
1->2->3->4->NULL
Linked List after deletion of middle
1->2->4->NULL

复杂性分析:

  • 时间复杂度: O(n)。
    需要对链表进行两次遍历
  • 辅助空间: O(1)。
    不需要额外的空间。

有效的解决方案:
做法:上述方案需要对链表进行两次遍历。可以使用一次遍历删除中间节点。这个想法是使用两个指针,slow_ptr 和 fast_ptr。两个指针都从列表的头部开始。当 fast_ptr 到达末尾时,slow_ptr 到达中间。这个想法与本文方法 2 中使用的想法相同。这篇文章中的额外内容是跟踪前一个中间节点,以便可以删除中间节点。

下面是实现。

Java

// Java program to delete the 
// middle of a linked list
class GfG 
{
    // Link list Node 
    static class Node 
    {
        int data;
        Node next;
    }
  
    // Deletes middle node and returns
    // head of the modified list
    static Node deleteMid(Node head)
    {
        // Base cases
        if (head == null)
            return null;
        if (head.next == null) 
        {
            return null;
        }
  
        // Initialize slow and fast pointers 
        // to reach middle of linked list
        Node slow_ptr = head;
        Node fast_ptr = head;
  
        // Find the middle and previous 
        // of middle.
        Node prev = null;
  
        // To store previous of slow_ptr
        while (fast_ptr != null && 
               fast_ptr.next != null) 
        {
            fast_ptr = fast_ptr.next.next;
            prev = slow_ptr;
            slow_ptr = slow_ptr.next;
        }
  
        // Delete the middle node
        prev.next = slow_ptr.next;
  
        return head;
    }
  
    // A utility function to print 
    // a given linked list
    static void printList(Node ptr)
    {
        while (ptr != null) 
        {
            System.out.print(ptr.data + "->");
            ptr = ptr.next;
        }
        System.out.println("NULL");
    }
  
    // Utility function to create a 
    // new node.
    static Node newNode(int data)
    {
        Node temp = new Node();
        temp.data = data;
        temp.next = null;
        return temp;
    }
  
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Start with the empty list 
        Node head = newNode(1);
        head.next = newNode(2);
        head.next.next = newNode(3);
        head.next.next.next = newNode(4);
  
        System.out.println("Given Linked List");
        printList(head);
        head = deleteMid(head);
        System.out.println("Linked List after deletion of middle");
        printList(head);
    }
}
// This code is contributed by Prerna saini

输出:

Given Linked List
1->2->3->4->NULL
Linked List after deletion of middle
1->2->4->NULL

复杂性分析:

  • 时间复杂度: O(n)。
    只需要遍历一次链表
  • 辅助空间: O(1)。
    因为不需要额外的空间。

详情请参考删除链表中间的完整文章!