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📜  SQLite-语法

📅  最后修改于: 2021-01-04 04:55:02             🧑  作者: Mango

SQLite之后是称为语法的唯一一组规则和准则。本章列出了所有基本的SQLite语法。

区分大小写

需要注意的重要一点是，SQLite不区分大小写，即子句GLOB和glob在SQLite语句中具有相同的含义。

评论

SQLite注释是额外的注释，您可以在SQLite代码中添加注释以增加其可读性，并且它们可以出现在任何位置；可能会出现空格，包括内部表达式和其他SQL语句的中间，但不能嵌套。

SQL注释以两个连续的“ – ”字符(ASCII 0x2d)和向上延伸并包括下一个字符(ASCII 0X0A)，或者直到输入的结束，以先到者为准。

您还可以使用C样式的注释，该注释以“ / *”开头，一直扩展到下一个“ * /”字符对，并包括下一个“ * /”字符对，或者直到输入结束(以先到者为准)。 C样式注释可以跨越多行。

sqlite> .help -- This is a single line comment

SQLite语句

所有SQLite语句均以SELECT，INSERT，UPDATE，DELETE，ALTER，DROP等任何关键字开头，所有语句均以分号(;)结尾。

SQLite ANALYZE语句

ANALYZE;
or
ANALYZE database_name;
or
ANALYZE database_name.table_name;

SQLite AND / OR子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION-1 {AND|OR} CONDITION-2;

SQLite ALTER TABLE语句

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMN column_def...;

SQLite ALTER TABLE语句(重命名)

ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

SQLite ATTACH DATABASE语句

ATTACH DATABASE 'DatabaseName' As 'Alias-Name';

SQLite BEGIN TRANSACTION语句

BEGIN;
or
BEGIN EXCLUSIVE TRANSACTION;

SQLite BETWEEN子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name BETWEEN val-1 AND val-2;

SQLite COMMIT语句

COMMIT;

SQLite CREATE INDEX语句

CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column_name COLLATE NOCASE );

SQLite CREATE UNIQUE INDEX语句

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);

SQLite CREATE TABLE语句

CREATE TABLE table_name(
   column1 datatype,
   column2 datatype,
   column3 datatype,
   .....
   columnN datatype,
   PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns )
);

SQLite CREATE TRIGGER语句

CREATE TRIGGER database_name.trigger_name 
BEFORE INSERT ON table_name FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN 
   stmt1; 
   stmt2;
   ....
END;

SQLite CREATE VIEW语句

CREATE VIEW database_name.view_name AS
SELECT statement....;

SQLite CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE语句

CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING weblog( access.log );
or
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING fts3( );

SQLite COMMIT TRANSACTION语句

COMMIT;

SQLite COUNT子句

SELECT COUNT(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION;

SQLite DELETE语句

DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE {CONDITION};

SQLite DETACH DATABASE语句

DETACH DATABASE 'Alias-Name';

SQLite DISTINCT子句

SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name;

SQLite DROP INDEX语句

DROP INDEX database_name.index_name;

SQLite DROP TABLE语句

DROP TABLE database_name.table_name;

SQLite DROP VIEW语句

DROP INDEX database_name.view_name;

SQLite DROP TRIGGER语句

DROP INDEX database_name.trigger_name;

SQLite EXISTS子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name EXISTS (SELECT * FROM   table_name );

SQLite EXPLAIN语句

EXPLAIN INSERT statement...;
or 
EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT statement...;

SQLite GLOB子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name GLOB { PATTERN };

SQLite GROUP BY子句

SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name;

SQLite HAVING子句

SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING (arithematic function condition);

SQLite INSERT INTO语句

INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN)
VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);

SQLite IN子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite赞子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE { PATTERN };

SQLite NOT IN子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name NOT IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite ORDER BY子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION
ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};

SQLite PRAGMA语句

PRAGMA pragma_name;

For example:

PRAGMA page_size;
PRAGMA cache_size = 1024;
PRAGMA table_info(table_name);

SQLite RELEASE SAVEPOINT语句

RELEASE savepoint_name;

SQLite REINDEX语句

REINDEX collation_name;
REINDEX database_name.index_name;
REINDEX database_name.table_name;

SQLite ROLLBACK语句

ROLLBACK;
or
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SAVEPOINT语句

SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SELECT语句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name;

SQLite UPDATE语句

UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2....columnN=valueN
[ WHERE  CONDITION ];

SQLite VACUUM语句

VACUUM;

SQLite WHERE子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION;