* %d = signed integer               %f = floating point number  
 * %s = string                     %.1f = float to 1 decimal place
 * %c = character                  %.3f = float to 3 decimal places
 * %e = scientific notation          %g = shortest representation of %e or %f                
 * %u = unsigned integer             %o = unsigned octal
 * %x = unsigned hex (lowercase)     %X = unsigned hex (uppercase)
 * %hd = short int                  %ld = long int
 * %lld = long long int