给定数字N ,任务是编写一个C程序以找到给定数字N的平方根。
例子:
Input: N = 12
Output: 3.464102
Input: N = 16
Output: 4
方法1:使用内置的sqrt()函数: sqrt()函数返回任意数字N的sqrt。
下面是上述方法的实现:
C
// C program for the above approach
#include
#include
// Function to find the square-root of N
double findSQRT(double N) { return sqrt(N); }
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Given number
int N = 12;
// Function call
printf("%f ", findSQRT(N));
return 0;
}
C
// C program for the above approach
#include
#include
// Function to find the square-root of N
float findSQRT(int number)
{
int start = 0, end = number;
int mid;
// To store the answer
float ans;
// To find integral part of square
// root of number
while (start <= end) {
// Find mid
mid = (start + end) / 2;
// If number is perfect square
// then break
if (mid * mid == number) {
ans = mid;
break;
}
// Increment start if integral
// part lies on right side
// of the mid
if (mid * mid < number) {
//first start value should be added to answer
ans=start;
//then start should be changed
start = mid + 1;
}
// Decrement end if integral part
// lies on the left side of the mid
else {
end = mid - 1;
}
}
// To find the fractional part
// of square root upto 5 decimal
float increment = 0.1;
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
while (ans * ans <= number) {
ans += increment;
}
// Loop terminates,
// when ans * ans > number
ans = ans - increment;
increment = increment / 10;
}
return ans;
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Given number
int N = 12;
// Function call
printf("%f ", findSQRT(N));
return 0;
}
C
// C program for the above approach
#include
#include
// Function to find the square-root of N
double findSQRT(double N) { return pow(2, 0.5 * log2(N)); }
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Given number
int N = 12;
// Function call
printf("%f ", findSQRT(N));
return 0;
}
输出:
3.464102
方法2:使用Binary Search :此方法用于查找给定数字N的平方根,精度最高为5个小数位。
- N的平方根的范围是0≤squareRoot≤N。初始化start = 0和end = number。
- 将中间整数的平方与给定数字进行比较。如果等于数字,那么我们找到了整数部分,否则根据条件在中间的左侧或右侧寻找相同的部分。
- 找到不可分割的部分后,我们将找到小数部分。
- 用0.1初始化增量变量并迭代计算小数位数直到5位小数。
- 对于每次迭代,将增量更改为先前值的1/10 。
- 最后,返回计算出的答案。
下面是上述方法的实现:
C
// C program for the above approach
#include
#include
// Function to find the square-root of N
float findSQRT(int number)
{
int start = 0, end = number;
int mid;
// To store the answer
float ans;
// To find integral part of square
// root of number
while (start <= end) {
// Find mid
mid = (start + end) / 2;
// If number is perfect square
// then break
if (mid * mid == number) {
ans = mid;
break;
}
// Increment start if integral
// part lies on right side
// of the mid
if (mid * mid < number) {
//first start value should be added to answer
ans=start;
//then start should be changed
start = mid + 1;
}
// Decrement end if integral part
// lies on the left side of the mid
else {
end = mid - 1;
}
}
// To find the fractional part
// of square root upto 5 decimal
float increment = 0.1;
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
while (ans * ans <= number) {
ans += increment;
}
// Loop terminates,
// when ans * ans > number
ans = ans - increment;
increment = increment / 10;
}
return ans;
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Given number
int N = 12;
// Function call
printf("%f ", findSQRT(N));
return 0;
}
输出:
3.464099
方法3:使用log2() :可以使用log2()计算数字N的平方根:
Let d be our answer for input number N, then
Apply log2() both sides
Therefore,
d = pow(2, 0.5*log2(n))
下面是上述方法的实现:
C
// C program for the above approach
#include
#include
// Function to find the square-root of N
double findSQRT(double N) { return pow(2, 0.5 * log2(N)); }
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Given number
int N = 12;
// Function call
printf("%f ", findSQRT(N));
return 0;
}
输出:
3.464102
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