Kotlin 地图:mapOf()
Kotlin map 是一个包含对象对的集合。 Map 以由键和值组成的对形式保存数据。映射键是唯一的,并且映射只为每个键保存一个值。
Kotlin 区分不可变映射和可变映射。使用 mapOf( )创建的不可变映射意味着这些是只读的,而使用mutableMapOf()创建的可变映射意味着我们可以同时执行读取和写入。
句法 :
fun mapOf(vararg pairs: Pair): Map
- 该对的第一个值是键,第二个是对应键的值。
- 如果多个对具有相同的键,则 map 将返回最后一个对值。
- 映射条目按指定顺序遍历。
mapOf() 的 Kotlin 程序
Java
fun main(args: Array)
{
//declaring a map of integer to string
val map = mapOf(1 to "Geeks", 2 to "for" , 3 to "Geeks")
//printing the map
println( map)
}
Java
fun main(args: Array)
{
//declaring a map of integer to string
val map = mapOf(1 to "One", 2 to "Two" , 3 to "Three", 4 to "Four")
println("Map Entries : "+map)
println("Map Keys: "+map.keys )
println("Map Values: "+map.values )
}
Java
fun main() {
val ranks = mapOf(1 to "India",2 to "Australia",3 to "England",4 to "Africa")
//method 1
println("The size of the map is: "+ranks.size)
//method 2
println("The size of the map is: "+ranks.count())
}
Java
fun main(args: Array)
{
//here we have created an empty map using mapOf()
val map1 = mapOf()
println("Entries: " + map1.entries) //entries of map
println("Keys:" + map1.keys) //keys of map
println("Values:" + map1.values) //values of map
}
Java
fun main() {
val ranks = mapOf(1 to "India",2 to "Australia",3 to "England",4 to "Africa")
//method 1
println("Team having rank #1 is: "+ranks[1])
//method 2
println("Team having rank #3 is: "+ranks.getValue(3))
//method 3
println("Team having rank #4 is: "+ranks.getOrDefault(4, 0))
// method 4
val team = ranks.getOrElse(2 ,{ 0 })
println(team)
}
Java
fun main() {
val colorsTopToBottom = mapOf("red" to 1, "orange" to 2, "yellow" to 3,
"green" to 4 , "blue" to 5, "indigo" to 6, "violet" to 7)
var color = "yellow"
if (colorsTopToBottom.containsKey(color)) {
println("Yes, it contains color $color")
} else {
println("No, it does not contain color $color")
}
val value = 8
if (colorsTopToBottom.containsValue(value)) {
println("Yes, it contains value $value")
} else {
println("No, it does not contain value $value")
}
}
Java
fun main(args: Array)
{
//lets make two values with same key
val map = mapOf(1 to "geeks1",2 to "for" , 1 to "geeks2")
// return the map entries
println("Entries of map : " + map.entries)
}
输出:
{1=Geeks, 2=for, 3=Geeks}
映射键、值和条目 –
Java
fun main(args: Array)
{
//declaring a map of integer to string
val map = mapOf(1 to "One", 2 to "Two" , 3 to "Three", 4 to "Four")
println("Map Entries : "+map)
println("Map Keys: "+map.keys )
println("Map Values: "+map.values )
}
输出:
Map Entries : {1=One, 2=Two, 3=Three, 4=Four}
Map Keys: [1, 2, 3, 4]
Map Values: [One, Two, Three, Four]
地图大小 –
我们可以使用两种方法来确定地图的大小。通过使用地图的size属性和使用count()方法。
Java
fun main() {
val ranks = mapOf(1 to "India",2 to "Australia",3 to "England",4 to "Africa")
//method 1
println("The size of the map is: "+ranks.size)
//method 2
println("The size of the map is: "+ranks.count())
}
输出:
The size of the map is: 4
The size of the map is: 4
空地图——
我们可以使用mapOf()创建一个空的可序列化映射
mapOf() 示例 2
Java
fun main(args: Array)
{
//here we have created an empty map using mapOf()
val map1 = mapOf()
println("Entries: " + map1.entries) //entries of map
println("Keys:" + map1.keys) //keys of map
println("Values:" + map1.values) //values of map
}
输出:
Entries: []
Keys:[]
Values:[]
获取 Map 的值 –
我们可以使用下面程序中讨论的不同方法从地图中检索值。
Java
fun main() {
val ranks = mapOf(1 to "India",2 to "Australia",3 to "England",4 to "Africa")
//method 1
println("Team having rank #1 is: "+ranks[1])
//method 2
println("Team having rank #3 is: "+ranks.getValue(3))
//method 3
println("Team having rank #4 is: "+ranks.getOrDefault(4, 0))
// method 4
val team = ranks.getOrElse(2 ,{ 0 })
println(team)
}
输出:
Team having rank #1 is: India
Team having rank #3 is: England
Team having rank #4 is: Africa
Australia
地图包含键或值 -
我们可以分别使用 containsKey() 和 containsValue() 方法来确定映射是否包含键或值。
Java
fun main() {
val colorsTopToBottom = mapOf("red" to 1, "orange" to 2, "yellow" to 3,
"green" to 4 , "blue" to 5, "indigo" to 6, "violet" to 7)
var color = "yellow"
if (colorsTopToBottom.containsKey(color)) {
println("Yes, it contains color $color")
} else {
println("No, it does not contain color $color")
}
val value = 8
if (colorsTopToBottom.containsValue(value)) {
println("Yes, it contains value $value")
} else {
println("No, it does not contain value $value")
}
}
输出:
Yes, it contains color yellow
No, it does not contain value 8
两个值和相同的键 -
如果两个值具有相同的键值,则映射将包含这些数字的最后一个值。
mapOf() 示例 3
Java
fun main(args: Array)
{
//lets make two values with same key
val map = mapOf(1 to "geeks1",2 to "for" , 1 to "geeks2")
// return the map entries
println("Entries of map : " + map.entries)
}
输出:
Entries of map : [1=geeks2, 2=for]
解释 :
这里的键值1已经用两个值初始化: geeks1 和 geeks2 ,但是我们知道 mapOf ()对一个键项只能有一个值,因此最后一个值仅由 map 存储,并且geeks1被消除。