保留因子公式
溶液是溶质和溶剂的混合物。在纸层析中，当溶液置于基层时，溶质和溶剂会移动一段距离。组件将保留在纸上。保留量可以使用称为保留因子的因子来表示。
保留因子公式
保留因子可以定义为溶质行进距离与溶剂行进距离之比。它由 R f表示。公式由下式给出，
Retention Factor (Rf) = 
上述公式的示意图表示为，
各种溶液的这些置换因子用于将它们与溶质和溶剂的不同组合进行比较。 R f值因一种解决方案而异。各个组分之间的相互作用以及样品中组分的浓度都会影响保留因子值。
示例问题
问题 1：如果溶质和溶剂分别从 0cm 的基线移动 5cm 和 10cm，计算保留因子。
解决方案：
Given,
Distance moved by solute from base line = 5cm
Distance moved by solvent from base line = 10cm
Retention Factor (Rf) = 
= 5/10
= 1/2
= 0.5
Retention Factor for the given solution is 0.5
问题 2：如果溶质和溶剂分别从 0cm 的基线移动 7cm 和 20cm，计算保留因子。
解决方案：
Given,
Distance moved by solute from base line = 7cm
Distance moved by solvent from base line = 20cm
Retention Factor (Rf) = 
= 7/20
= 0.35
Retention Factor for the given solution is 0.35
问题 3：如果溶质 A 和 B 从基线水平移动 2 厘米和 5 厘米，并且溶剂从 0 厘米的基线向上移动 10 厘米，计算它们的保留因子。
解决方案：
Given,
Distance moved by solute A from base line = 2cm
Distance moved by solute B from base line = 5cm
Distance moved by solvent from base line = 10cm
Retention Factor of A (Rf) = 
= 2/10
= 0.2
Retention Factor of B (Rf) = 
= 5/10
= 0.5
Retention Factor of solute A, B are 0.2, 0.5
问题 4：如果溶质 A 和 B 从基线水平移动 10 厘米和 20 厘米，并且溶剂从基线向上移动 60 厘米，即 0 厘米，计算它们的保留因子。
解决方案：
Given,
Distance moved by solute A from base line = 10cm
Distance moved by solute B from base line = 20cm
Distance moved by solvent from base line = 60cm
Retention Factor of A (Rf) = 
= 10/60
= 0.16
Retention Factor of B (Rf) = 
= 20/60
= 0.33
Retention Factor of solute A, B are 0.16, 0.33
问题 5：如果溶质移动至高于基准水平 23% 且溶剂移动至 50%，则计算保留因子。
解决方案：
Given,
Distance moved by solute from base line = 23% = 23/100 = 0.23 units
Distance moved by solvent from base line = 50% = 50/100 = 0.5 units
Retention Factor (Rf) = 
= 0.23/0.5
= 0.46
Retention Factor for the given solution is 0.46