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📜  如何在Android中构建简单的Notes应用程序?

📅  最后修改于: 2021-05-10 14:23:17             🧑  作者: Mango

笔记应用程序用于制作简短的文本笔记,在需要时进行更新,并在完成后进行回收。它可以用于各种功能,因为您可以在此应用程序中添加您的待办事项列表,一些重要的注释以备将来参考,等等。在某些情况下(例如当您想快速访问注释时),该应用程序非常有用。同样,在这里我们创建一个Android应用程序以学习如何创建一个简单的NotesApp。因此,在本文中,我们构建一个Notes应用程序,用户可以在其中添加任何数据,删除任何数据以及编辑任何数据下面给出了一个示例GIF,以了解我们将在本文中做些什么。注意,我们将使用Java语言实现该项目。

Notes应用程序演示

创建Notes应用程序的步骤

步骤1:创建一个新项目

要在Android Studio中创建新项目,请参阅如何在Android Studio中创建/启动新项目。请注意,选择Java作为编程语言。

步骤2:使用activity_main.xml文件

activity_main.xml文件中,添加一个ListView和一个TextView。添加了ListView以显示自动保存的注释列表,而TextView仅用于显示GFG文本。以下是activity_main.xml文件的完整代码。

XML


  
    
    
  
    
    
  


XML



    
    
    


XML


  
    
    
    


Java
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.TextWatcher;
import android.widget.EditText;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import java.util.HashSet;
  
public class NoteEditorActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    int noteId;
  
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_note_editor);
  
        EditText editText = findViewById(R.id.editText);
  
        // Fetch data that is passed from MainActivity
        Intent intent = getIntent();
  
        // Accessing the data using key and value
        noteId = intent.getIntExtra("noteId", -1);
        if (noteId != -1) {
            editText.setText(MainActivity.notes.get(noteId));
        } else {
  
            MainActivity.notes.add("");
            noteId = MainActivity.notes.size() - 1;
            MainActivity.arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
  
        }
  
        editText.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {
            @Override
            public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int i, int i1, int i2) {
                // add your code here
            }
  
            @Override
            public void onTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int i, int i1, int i2) {
                MainActivity.notes.set(noteId, String.valueOf(charSequence));
                MainActivity.arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                // Creating Object of SharedPreferences to store data in the phone
                SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getApplicationContext().getSharedPreferences("com.example.notes", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
                HashSet set = new HashSet(MainActivity.notes);
                sharedPreferences.edit().putStringSet("notes", set).apply();
            }
  
            @Override
            public void afterTextChanged(Editable editable) {
                // add your code here
            }
        });
    }
}


Java
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
  
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
  
    static ArrayList notes = new ArrayList<>();
    static ArrayAdapter arrayAdapter;
  
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
  
        MenuInflater menuInflater = getMenuInflater();
        menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.add_note_menu, menu);
  
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }
  
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
        super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
  
        if (item.getItemId() == R.id.add_note) {
  
            // Going from MainActivity to NotesEditorActivity
            Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), NoteEditorActivity.class);
            startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }
  
        return false;
    }
  
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  
        ListView listView = findViewById(R.id.listView);
        SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getApplicationContext().getSharedPreferences("com.example.notes", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        HashSet set = (HashSet) sharedPreferences.getStringSet("notes", null);
  
        if (set == null) {
  
            notes.add("Example note");
        } else {
            notes = new ArrayList(set);
        }
  
        // Using custom listView Provided by Android Studio
        arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter(this, android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1, notes);
  
        listView.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);
  
        listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
  
                // Going from MainActivity to NotesEditorActivity
                Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), NoteEditorActivity.class);
                intent.putExtra("noteId", i);
                startActivity(intent);
  
            }
        });
  
        listView.setOnItemLongClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onItemLongClick(AdapterView adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
  
                final int itemToDelete = i;
                // To delete the data from the App
                new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this)
                        .setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_alert)
                        .setTitle("Are you sure?")
                        .setMessage("Do you want to delete this note?")
                        .setPositiveButton("Yes", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                                notes.remove(itemToDelete);
                                arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                                SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getApplicationContext().getSharedPreferences("com.example.notes", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
                                HashSet set = new HashSet(MainActivity.notes);
                                sharedPreferences.edit().putStringSet("notes", set).apply();
                            }
                        }).setNegativeButton("No", null).show();
                return true;
            }
        });
    }
}


输出界面:

添加编辑MainActivity.xml

步骤3:创建一个新的布局以显示菜单

转到应用程序> res>右键单击>新建>目录,并将其命名为menu 。然后单击应用程序> res>菜单>新建>菜单资源文件,并将文件命名为add_note_menu 。以下是add_note_menu.xml文件的代码。

XML格式




    
    
    

添加编辑Menu.xml

步骤4:建立新的空白活动

  • 转到应用程序> Java >右键单击>新建>活动>空活动,并将其命名为NoteEditorActivity 。在本活动中,我们将键入注释。因此,在activity_note_editor.xml文件中添加一个EditText,以将数据添加到ListView。以下是activity_note_editor.xml文件的代码。

XML格式



  
    
    
    

  • 现在在NoteEditorActivity中。 Java文件编写代码以存储数据。将SharedPreference添加到应用程序中以将数据存储在手机内存中。在SharedPreference中设置值:
  • 从SharedPreference检索数据:
  • 下面是NoteEditorActivity的完整代码。 Java文件。在代码内部添加了注释,以更详细地了解代码。

Java

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.TextWatcher;
import android.widget.EditText;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import java.util.HashSet;
  
public class NoteEditorActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    int noteId;
  
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_note_editor);
  
        EditText editText = findViewById(R.id.editText);
  
        // Fetch data that is passed from MainActivity
        Intent intent = getIntent();
  
        // Accessing the data using key and value
        noteId = intent.getIntExtra("noteId", -1);
        if (noteId != -1) {
            editText.setText(MainActivity.notes.get(noteId));
        } else {
  
            MainActivity.notes.add("");
            noteId = MainActivity.notes.size() - 1;
            MainActivity.arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
  
        }
  
        editText.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {
            @Override
            public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int i, int i1, int i2) {
                // add your code here
            }
  
            @Override
            public void onTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int i, int i1, int i2) {
                MainActivity.notes.set(noteId, String.valueOf(charSequence));
                MainActivity.arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                // Creating Object of SharedPreferences to store data in the phone
                SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getApplicationContext().getSharedPreferences("com.example.notes", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
                HashSet set = new HashSet(MainActivity.notes);
                sharedPreferences.edit().putStringSet("notes", set).apply();
            }
  
            @Override
            public void afterTextChanged(Editable editable) {
                // add your code here
            }
        });
    }
}

步骤5:使用MainAtivity。 Java文件

现在在MainActivity中设置所有东西。 Java文件。调用NoteEditorActivity。 Java代码,将所有XML代码加入Java并运行应用程序。以下是MainActivity的完整代码。 Java文件。在代码内部添加了注释,以更详细地了解代码。

Java

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
  
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
  
    static ArrayList notes = new ArrayList<>();
    static ArrayAdapter arrayAdapter;
  
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
  
        MenuInflater menuInflater = getMenuInflater();
        menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.add_note_menu, menu);
  
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }
  
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
        super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
  
        if (item.getItemId() == R.id.add_note) {
  
            // Going from MainActivity to NotesEditorActivity
            Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), NoteEditorActivity.class);
            startActivity(intent);
            return true;
        }
  
        return false;
    }
  
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  
        ListView listView = findViewById(R.id.listView);
        SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getApplicationContext().getSharedPreferences("com.example.notes", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        HashSet set = (HashSet) sharedPreferences.getStringSet("notes", null);
  
        if (set == null) {
  
            notes.add("Example note");
        } else {
            notes = new ArrayList(set);
        }
  
        // Using custom listView Provided by Android Studio
        arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter(this, android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1, notes);
  
        listView.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);
  
        listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
  
                // Going from MainActivity to NotesEditorActivity
                Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), NoteEditorActivity.class);
                intent.putExtra("noteId", i);
                startActivity(intent);
  
            }
        });
  
        listView.setOnItemLongClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onItemLongClick(AdapterView adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
  
                final int itemToDelete = i;
                // To delete the data from the App
                new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this)
                        .setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_alert)
                        .setTitle("Are you sure?")
                        .setMessage("Do you want to delete this note?")
                        .setPositiveButton("Yes", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                                notes.remove(itemToDelete);
                                arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                                SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getApplicationContext().getSharedPreferences("com.example.notes", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
                                HashSet set = new HashSet(MainActivity.notes);
                                sharedPreferences.edit().putStringSet("notes", set).apply();
                            }
                        }).setNegativeButton("No", null).show();
                return true;
            }
        });
    }
}

输出:在模拟器上运行

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