大多数应用程序都使用视频播放器在其应用程序中显示这么多视频。因此,对于播放视频,应用程序将从其视频URL播放视频。但是,如果我们想实时更新该视频怎么办。因此,在这种情况下,我们必须更新数据库,然后再更新APK。因此,这不是一种有效的方法。在本文中,我们将介绍使用Firebase Realtime Database在Android中实现动态视频播放器的方法。
我们将在本文中构建什么?
我们将构建一个简单的应用程序,在其中我们将在ExoPlayer中播放视频,并将从Firebase将视频加载到我们的ExoPlayer中。除此之外,我们将能够在运行时更改视频。下面提供了一个示例视频,以使您对我们在本文中将要做的事情有个大概的了解。注意,我们将使用Java语言实现该项目。
分步实施
步骤1:创建一个新项目
要在Android Studio中创建新项目,请参阅如何在Android Studio中创建/启动新项目。请注意,选择Java作为编程语言。
第2步:将您的应用连接到Firebase
创建新项目后。导航到顶部栏上的“工具”选项。在里面单击Firebase。单击Firebase后,您可以在屏幕快照中看到下面提到的右列。
在该列内,导航到Firebase实时数据库。单击该选项,您将在“将应用程序连接到Firebase”和“将Firebase实时数据库添加到您的应用程序”中看到两个选项。单击立即连接选项,您的应用程序将连接到Firebase。之后,单击第二个选项,现在您的应用已连接到Firebase。
完成此过程后,您将看到以下屏幕。
现在,验证您的应用是否已连接到Firebase。转到您的build.gradle文件。导航至应用程序> Gradle脚本> build.gradle(app)文件,并确保在依赖项部分中添加了以下依赖项。
implementation ‘com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.6.0’
添加此依赖关系后,在Gradle文件中添加ExoPlayer的依赖关系。
步骤3:在build.gradle文件中添加ExoPlayer View的依赖项
导航至应用程序> Gradle脚本> build.gradle(应用程序)文件,然后在其中添加以下依赖项。
// dependancy for exoplayer
implementation ‘com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer:r2.4.0’
// for core support in exoplayer.
implementation ‘com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-core:r2.4.0’
// for adding dash support in our exoplayer.
implementation ‘com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-dash:r2.4.0’
// for adding hls support in exoplayer.
implementation ‘com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-hls:r2.4.0’
// for smooth streaming of video in our exoplayer.
implementation ‘com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-smoothstreaming:r2.4.0’
// for generating default ui of exoplayer
implementation ‘com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-ui:r2.4.0’
添加此依赖项后,同步您的项目。现在,我们将转向XML部分。
步骤4:为Internet添加权限
当我们从Internet加载视频时,我们必须在Manifest文件中添加Internet权限。导航至应用程序> AndroidManifest.xml文件,然后在其中添加以下权限。
XML
XML
Java
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ExoPlayerFactory;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.SimpleExoPlayer;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.extractor.DefaultExtractorsFactory;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.extractor.ExtractorsFactory;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.ExtractorMediaSource;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.MediaSource;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.trackselection.AdaptiveTrackSelection;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.trackselection.DefaultTrackSelector;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.trackselection.TrackSelector;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ui.SimpleExoPlayerView;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.BandwidthMeter;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.DefaultBandwidthMeter;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.DefaultHttpDataSourceFactory;
import com.google.firebase.database.DataSnapshot;
import com.google.firebase.database.DatabaseError;
import com.google.firebase.database.DatabaseReference;
import com.google.firebase.database.FirebaseDatabase;
import com.google.firebase.database.ValueEventListener;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
// creating a variable for our Firebase Database.
FirebaseDatabase firebaseDatabase;
// creating a variable for our Database
// Reference for Firebase.
DatabaseReference databaseReference;
// creating a variable for exoplayerview.
SimpleExoPlayerView exoPlayerView;
// creating a variable for exoplayer
SimpleExoPlayer exoPlayer;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
exoPlayerView = findViewById(R.id.idExoPlayerView);
// below line is used to get the
// instance of our Firebase database.
firebaseDatabase = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance();
// below line is used to get reference for our database.
databaseReference = firebaseDatabase.getReference("url");
getVideoUrl();
}
private void getVideoUrl() {
// calling add value event listener method
// for getting the values from database.
databaseReference.addValueEventListener(new ValueEventListener() {
@Override
public void onDataChange(@NonNull DataSnapshot snapshot) {
// this method is call to get the
// realtime updates in the data.
// this method is called when the
// data is changed in our Firebase console.
// below line is for getting the data
// from snapshot of our database.
String videoUrl = snapshot.getValue(String.class);
// after getting the value for our video url
// we are passing that value to our
// initialize exoplayer method to load our video
initializeExoplayerView(videoUrl);
}
@Override
public void onCancelled(@NonNull DatabaseError error) {
// calling on cancelled method when we receive
// any error or we are not able to get the data.
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Fail to get video url.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
private void initializeExoplayerView(String videoURL) {
try {
// bandwidthmeter is used for getting default bandwidth
BandwidthMeter bandwidthMeter = new DefaultBandwidthMeter();
// track selector is used to navigate between video using a default seeker.
TrackSelector trackSelector = new DefaultTrackSelector(new AdaptiveTrackSelection.Factory(bandwidthMeter));
// we are adding our track selector to exoplayer.
exoPlayer = ExoPlayerFactory.newSimpleInstance(this, trackSelector);
// we are parsing a video url and
// parsing its video uri.
Uri videouri = Uri.parse(videoURL);
// we are creating a variable for data source
// factory and setting its user agent as 'exoplayer_view'
DefaultHttpDataSourceFactory dataSourceFactory = new DefaultHttpDataSourceFactory("exoplayer_video");
// we are creating a variable for extractor
// factory and setting it to default extractor factory.
ExtractorsFactory extractorsFactory = new DefaultExtractorsFactory();
// we are creating a media source with above variables
// and passing our event handler as null,
MediaSource mediaSource = new ExtractorMediaSource(videouri, dataSourceFactory, extractorsFactory, null, null);
// inside our exoplayer view
// we are setting our player
exoPlayerView.setPlayer(exoPlayer);
// we are preparing our exoplayer
// with media source.
exoPlayer.prepare(mediaSource);
// we are setting our exoplayer
// when it is ready.
exoPlayer.setPlayWhenReady(true);
} catch (Exception e) {
// below line is used for handling our errors.
Log.e("TAG", "Error : " + e.toString());
}
}
}
步骤5:使用activity_main.xml文件
转到activity_main.xml文件,并参考以下代码。以下是activity_main.xml文件的代码。
XML格式
步骤6:使用MainActivity。 Java文件
转到MainActivity。 Java文件并参考以下代码。下面是MainActivity的代码。 Java文件。在代码内部添加了注释,以更详细地了解代码。
Java
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ExoPlayerFactory;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.SimpleExoPlayer;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.extractor.DefaultExtractorsFactory;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.extractor.ExtractorsFactory;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.ExtractorMediaSource;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.MediaSource;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.trackselection.AdaptiveTrackSelection;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.trackselection.DefaultTrackSelector;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.trackselection.TrackSelector;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ui.SimpleExoPlayerView;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.BandwidthMeter;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.DefaultBandwidthMeter;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.DefaultHttpDataSourceFactory;
import com.google.firebase.database.DataSnapshot;
import com.google.firebase.database.DatabaseError;
import com.google.firebase.database.DatabaseReference;
import com.google.firebase.database.FirebaseDatabase;
import com.google.firebase.database.ValueEventListener;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
// creating a variable for our Firebase Database.
FirebaseDatabase firebaseDatabase;
// creating a variable for our Database
// Reference for Firebase.
DatabaseReference databaseReference;
// creating a variable for exoplayerview.
SimpleExoPlayerView exoPlayerView;
// creating a variable for exoplayer
SimpleExoPlayer exoPlayer;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
exoPlayerView = findViewById(R.id.idExoPlayerView);
// below line is used to get the
// instance of our Firebase database.
firebaseDatabase = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance();
// below line is used to get reference for our database.
databaseReference = firebaseDatabase.getReference("url");
getVideoUrl();
}
private void getVideoUrl() {
// calling add value event listener method
// for getting the values from database.
databaseReference.addValueEventListener(new ValueEventListener() {
@Override
public void onDataChange(@NonNull DataSnapshot snapshot) {
// this method is call to get the
// realtime updates in the data.
// this method is called when the
// data is changed in our Firebase console.
// below line is for getting the data
// from snapshot of our database.
String videoUrl = snapshot.getValue(String.class);
// after getting the value for our video url
// we are passing that value to our
// initialize exoplayer method to load our video
initializeExoplayerView(videoUrl);
}
@Override
public void onCancelled(@NonNull DatabaseError error) {
// calling on cancelled method when we receive
// any error or we are not able to get the data.
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Fail to get video url.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
private void initializeExoplayerView(String videoURL) {
try {
// bandwidthmeter is used for getting default bandwidth
BandwidthMeter bandwidthMeter = new DefaultBandwidthMeter();
// track selector is used to navigate between video using a default seeker.
TrackSelector trackSelector = new DefaultTrackSelector(new AdaptiveTrackSelection.Factory(bandwidthMeter));
// we are adding our track selector to exoplayer.
exoPlayer = ExoPlayerFactory.newSimpleInstance(this, trackSelector);
// we are parsing a video url and
// parsing its video uri.
Uri videouri = Uri.parse(videoURL);
// we are creating a variable for data source
// factory and setting its user agent as 'exoplayer_view'
DefaultHttpDataSourceFactory dataSourceFactory = new DefaultHttpDataSourceFactory("exoplayer_video");
// we are creating a variable for extractor
// factory and setting it to default extractor factory.
ExtractorsFactory extractorsFactory = new DefaultExtractorsFactory();
// we are creating a media source with above variables
// and passing our event handler as null,
MediaSource mediaSource = new ExtractorMediaSource(videouri, dataSourceFactory, extractorsFactory, null, null);
// inside our exoplayer view
// we are setting our player
exoPlayerView.setPlayer(exoPlayer);
// we are preparing our exoplayer
// with media source.
exoPlayer.prepare(mediaSource);
// we are setting our exoplayer
// when it is ready.
exoPlayer.setPlayWhenReady(true);
} catch (Exception e) {
// below line is used for handling our errors.
Log.e("TAG", "Error : " + e.toString());
}
}
}
第7步:在Firebase控制台中添加视频的URL
用于在Firebase控制台中添加视频URL。在浏览器中浏览Firebase,然后单击右上角的“转到控制台”选项,如以下屏幕截图所示。
单击“转到控制台”选项后,您将看到您的项目。从可用的项目列表中单击您的项目名称。
单击项目后。单击左侧窗口中的实时数据库选项。
单击此选项后,您将看到右侧的屏幕。在此页面上,单击顶部栏中的“规则”选项。您将看到以下屏幕。
在此项目中,我们添加了适用于读取和写入的规则,因为我们没有使用任何身份验证来验证用户。因此,我们目前将其设置为true以测试我们的应用程序。更改规则后。单击右上角的“发布”按钮,您的规则将保存在此处。现在再次回到“数据”选项卡。现在,我们将从Firebase本身将数据手动添加到Firebase。
在Firebase实时数据库中。导航到“数据”选项卡。在数据库部分的此选项卡内,单击“ +”图标。单击“ +”图标后,您将看到两个输入字段,即“名称”和“值”字段。在“名称”字段中,您必须添加视频文件的引用,在本例中为“ url ”。在值字段中,我们必须添加视频文件的URL。在此字段中添加值之后。单击添加按钮,您的数据将被添加到Firebase控制台。
添加视频的网址后。现在运行您的应用程序,并在下面查看该应用程序的输出:
输出:
您可以动态更改视频的URL。