给定数组中三元组的最小可能价格总和

给定一个由N个整数组成的数组num [] ，其中每个元素与另一个数组price []给出的价格相关联，任务是通过采用三元组使num [i] 。如果没有这样的三元组，则打印-1。

例子：

Input: num[]={2, 4, 6, 7, 8}, price[]={10, 20, 100, 20, 40} 
Output: 50 
Explanation: 
Selecting the triplet {2, 4, 7} because (2 < 4 < 7), and the price is 10 + 20 + 20 = 50 which is the minimum possible.

Input: num[]={100, 101, 100}, price[]={2, 4, 5} 
Output: -1 
Explanation: 
No possible triplet exists. 

天真的方法：
最简单的方法是生成所有可能的三元组(i，j，k) ，以使i 且num [i] 然后找到price [i]，prices [ j]和价格[k] 。打印所有这些三胞胎的最小总和。

时间复杂度： O(N ³ )
辅助空间： O(1)

高效方法：想法是使用辅助数组dp []来存储所有这些三元组的最小价格总和，并打印存储在其中的所有价格中的最小价格。步骤如下：

1. 将dp []数组初始化为INT_MAX 。
2. 将当前的最小和(例如current_sum )初始化为INT_MAX 。
3. 生成所有可能的对(i，j) ，使得j> i 。如果nums [j]> num [i]，则更新dp [j] = min(dp [j]，price [i] + price [j])，因为这是可能的对之一。
4. 在上述步骤中的每对(i，j)中，将三元组的最小总和更新为min(current_sum，dp [i] + price [j]) 。此步骤将确保形成可能的三元组(i，j，k) ，因为dp [i]将存储索引i和j处的价格之和，并且j是k的值。

下面是上述方法的实现：

C++

// C++ program to implement
// the above approach
#include
#include
using namespace std;
  
// Function to minimize the sum of
// price by taking a triplet
long minSum(int n, int num[], int price[])
{
      
    // Initialize a dp[] array
    long dp[n];
  
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        dp[i] = INT_MAX;
  
    // Stores the final result
    long ans = INT_MAX;
  
    // Iterate for all values till N
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        for(int j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
        {
              
            // Check if num[j] > num[i]
            if (num[j] > num[i]) 
            {
                  
                // Update dp[j] if it is
                // greater than stored value
                dp[j] = (long)min((long)dp[j],
                                  (long)price[i] +
                                  (long)price[j]);
  
                // Update the minimum
                // sum as ans
                ans = min(ans, (long)dp[i] +
                               (long)price[j]);
            }
        }
    }
      
    // If there is no minimum sum exist
    // then print -1 else print the ans
    return ans != INT_MAX ? ans : -1;
}
  
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int num[] = { 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 };
    int price[] = { 10, 20, 100, 20, 40 };
      
    int n = sizeof(price) / sizeof(price[0]);
      
    cout << (minSum(n, num, price));
}
  
// This code is contributed by chitranayal

Java

// Java Program to implement
// the above approach
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
  
public class Main {
  
    // Function to minimize the sum of
    // price by taking a triplet
    public static long minSum(int n, int num[],
                              int price[])
    {
  
        // Initialize a dp[] array
        long dp[] = new long[n];
  
        Arrays.fill(dp, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
  
        // Stores the final result
        long ans = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
  
        // Iterate for all values till N
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
  
            for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
  
                // Check if num[j] > num[i]
                if (num[j] > num[i]) {
  
                    // Update dp[j] if it is
                    // greater than stored value
                    dp[j] = (long)Math.min(
                        (long)dp[j],
                        (long)price[i]
                            + (long)price[j]);
  
                    // Update the minimum
                    // sum as ans
                    ans = Math.min(
                        ans, (long)dp[i]
                                 + (long)price[j]);
                    
                }
            }
        }
        
  
        // If there is no minimum sum exist
        // then print -1 else print the ans
        return ans != Integer.MAX_VALUE ? ans : -1;
    }
  
    // Driver Code
    public static void
        main(String[] args)
    {
  
        int num[] = { 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 };
        int price[] = { 10, 20, 100, 20, 40 };
  
        int n = price.length;
  
        System.out.println(minSum(n, num, price));
    }
}

Python3

# Python3 program to implement
# the above approach
import sys;
  
# Function to minimize the sum of
# price by taking a triplet
def minSum(n, num, price):
      
    # Initialize a dp[] list
    dp = [0 for i in range(n)]
    for i in range(n):
        dp[i] = sys.maxsize
  
    # Stores the final result
    ans = sys.maxsize
  
    # Iterate for all values till N
    for i in range(n):
        for j in range(i + 1, n):
              
            # Check if num[j] > num[i]
            if (num[j] > num[i]):
                  
                # Update dp[j] if it is
                # greater than stored value
                dp[j] = min(dp[j], price[i] + 
                                   price[j])
  
                # Update the minimum
                # sum as ans
                ans = min(ans, dp[i] + price[j])
                  
    # If there is no minimum sum exist
    # then print -1 else print the ans
    if ans is not sys.maxsize:
        return ans
    else:
        return -1
  
# Driver code
if __name__=='__main__':
      
    num = [ 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 ]
    price = [ 10, 20, 100, 20, 40 ]
      
    n = len(price)
      
    print(minSum(n, num, price))
  
# This code is contributed by rutvik_56

C#

// C# program to implement
// the above approach
using System;
  
class GFG{
  
// Function to minimize the sum of
// price by taking a triplet
public static long minSum(int n, int []num,
                          int []price)
{
      
    // Initialize a []dp array
    long []dp = new long[n];
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        dp[i] = int.MaxValue;
  
    // Stores the readonly result
    long ans = int.MaxValue;
  
    // Iterate for all values till N
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        for(int j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
        {
  
            // Check if num[j] > num[i]
            if (num[j] > num[i]) 
            {
  
                // Update dp[j] if it is
                // greater than stored value
                dp[j] = (long)Math.Min((long)dp[j],
                                       (long)price[i] +
                                       (long)price[j]);
  
                // Update the minimum
                // sum as ans
                ans = Math.Min(ans, (long)dp[i] +
                                    (long)price[j]);
            }
        }
    }
      
    // If there is no minimum sum exist
    // then print -1 else print the ans
    return ans != int.MaxValue ? ans : -1;
}
  
// Driver Code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
    int []num = { 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 };
    int []price = { 10, 20, 100, 20, 40 };
  
    int n = price.Length;
  
    Console.WriteLine(minSum(n, num, price));
}
}
  
// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar

输出：

50

时间复杂度： O(N ² )
辅助空间： O(N)