通过从给定列表的每个数组中选取一个元素来最大化获得的乘积

给定一个由不同长度的数组组成的列表arr [] ，任务是找到可以通过从列表中存在的每个数组中恰好取一个元素来找到可形成的最大乘积。

例子：

Input: arr[] = {{-3, -4}, {1, 2, -3}}
Output: 12
Explanation: 
Pick -4 from the first array and -3 from the second array.
Therefore, maximum possible product is 12.

Input: arr[] = {{1, -1}, {2, 3}, {10, -100, 20}}
Output: 300
Explanation:
Pick -1 from the first array and 3 from the second array and -100 from the third array.
Therefore, maximum product is 300.

天真的方法：解决此问题的最简单方法是使用递归从列表的每个数组中选取一个元素，然后从所有可能的组合中选择最大乘积，以找到元素的每种可能组合。

下面是上述方法的实现：

C++

// C++ program for the above approach
#include 
using namespace std;
 
// Stores the maximum product
int maximum = -INT_MAX;
 
// Function to find maximum product
// possible by taking exactly one element
// from each array of the list
void calculateProduct(vector > &List,
                      int index, int product)
{
 
    // If last index is encountered
    if(index + 1 == List.size())
    {
        for (int i :List[index])
        {
           
            // Find the maximum product
            maximum = max(maximum, product *i);
        }
       
    // Otherwise, recursively calculate
    // maximum product for every element
    }
    else
    {
        for(int i: List[index])
            calculateProduct(List, index + 1, product * i);
      }
}
 
// Driver Code
 
// Count of given arrays
int main()
{
 int N = 2;
 
 // Given list of N arrays
 vector > arr = {{-3, -4}, {1, 2, -3}};
 
  // Calculates the maximum
  // possible product
  calculateProduct(arr, 0, 1);
 
  // Print the maximum product
  cout << maximum;
  return 0;
}
 
// This code is contributed by mohit kumar 29

Java

// Java program for the 
// above approach
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG{
   
static int maximum = -Integer.MAX_VALUE;
 
// Function to find maximum product
// possible by taking exactly one element
// from each array of the list
static void calculateProduct(int[][] List,
                             int index,
                             int product)
{
     
    // If last index is encountered
    if (index + 1 == List.length)
    {
        for(int i:List[index])
        {
             
            // Find the maximum product
            maximum = Math.max(maximum, product * i);
        }
         
    // Otherwise, recursively calculate
    // maximum product for every element
    }
    else
    {
        for(int i:List[index])
            calculateProduct(List, index + 1,
                             product * i);
    }
}
   
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
    int N = 2;
     
    // Given list of N arrays
    int[][] arr = { { -3, -4 }, { 1, 2, -3 } };
     
    // Calculates the maximum
    // possible product
    calculateProduct(arr, 0, 1);
     
    // Print the maximum product
    System.out.print(maximum);
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by code_hunt

Python3

# Python program for the above approach
 
# Stores the maximum product
maximum = -float('INF')
 
# Function to find maximum product
# possible by taking exactly one element
# from each array of the list
def calculateProduct(List, index, product):
 
    # If last index is encountered
    if(index + 1 == len(List)):
 
        for i in List[index]:
            global maximum
 
            # Find the maximum product
            maximum = max(maximum, product * i)
 
    # Otherwise, recursively calculate
    # maximum product for every element
    else:
        for i in List[index]:
            calculateProduct(List, index + 1, product * i)
 
 
# Driver Code
 
# Count of given arrays
N = 2
 
# Given list of N arrays
arr = [[-3, -4], [1, 2, -3]]
 
# Calculates the maximum
# possible product
calculateProduct(arr, 0, 1)
 
# Print the maximum product
print(maximum)

C#

// C# program for the 
// above approach
using System;
public class GFG{
   
static int maximum = -int.MaxValue;
 
// Function to find maximum product
// possible by taking exactly one element
// from each array of the list
static void calculateProduct(int[,] list,
                             int index,
                             int product)
{
     
    // If last index is encountered
    if (index + 1 == list.GetLength(0))
    {
        foreach(int i in GetRow(list,index))
        {
             
            // Find the maximum product
            maximum = Math.Max(maximum, product * i);
        }
         
    // Otherwise, recursively calculate
    // maximum product for every element
    }
    else
    {
        foreach(int i in GetRow(list,index))
            calculateProduct(list, index + 1,
                             product * i);
    }
}
public static int[] GetRow(int[,] matrix, int row)
  {
    var rowLength = matrix.GetLength(1);
    var rowVector = new int[rowLength];
 
    for (var i = 0; i < rowLength; i++)
    {
      rowVector[i] = matrix[row, i];
    }
 
    return rowVector;
  }
   
// Driver Code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
    
    // Given list of N arrays
    int[,] arr = { { -3, -4,0 }, { 1, 2, -3 } };
     
    // Calculates the maximum
    // possible product
    calculateProduct(arr, 0, 1);
     
    // Print the maximum product
    Console.Write(maximum);
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar

---

输出：

12

时间复杂度： O(2 ^N )
辅助空间： O(1)

高效方法：为优化上述方法，其思想是考虑每个阵列中最低的负数(如果有)和最高的正数(如果有)以使乘积最大化。请按照以下步骤解决问题：

1. 遍历数组arr []的列表。
2. 对于列表中的每个数组，说arr [index] ，找到其中存在的最大和最小元素。
3. 如果已到达最后一个索引，则以对的形式返回最大值和最小值。
4. 如果获得的最大值为负，则将其设置为None 。如果获得的最小值为正，则将其设置为“无”
5. 除此以外：
   1. 递归调用(index + 1) ，即calculateProduct(list，index + 1)并将结果存储在[positive，negative]中。
   2. 找到在步骤1中获得的最大，最小值与在步骤3.1中发现的正，负的所有组合。
   3. 返回所有组合之间形成的最大正数和最小负数。
6. 完成上述步骤后，打印形成的最大产品。

下面是上述方法的实现：

C++ 14

// CPP program for the above approach
#include
using namespace std;
 
// Function to return the product of 2 numbers
int findProduct(int number_1, int number_2)
{
 
  // If any of the two numbers is None
  if(number_1 == INT_MIN or number_2 == INT_MIN)
    return 0;
 
  // Otherwise, return the product
  else
    return number_1 * number_2;
}
 
// Function to calculate maximum product
// by taking only one element from each
// array present in the list
pair calculateProduct(vector> List,  int index)
{
 
  // Find the maximum and minimum
  // present in the current array
  int highest = *max_element(List[index].begin(),List[index].end());
  int lowest = *min_element(List[index].begin(),List[index].end());
 
  // If last index is reached, then
  // return the highest(positive)
  // and lowest(negative) values
  if(index + 1 == List.size()){
    if(lowest < 0 and highest >= 0)
      return {highest, lowest};
 
    else if(lowest <= 0 and highest <= 0)
      return {INT_MIN, lowest};
 
    else if(lowest >= 0 and highest >= 0)
      return {highest, INT_MIN};
  }
 
 
  // Store the positive and negative products
  // returned by calculating for the
  // remaining arrays
  pair temp = calculateProduct(List, index + 1);
  int positive = temp.first;
  int negative = temp.second;
 
  // Calculate for all combinations of
  // highest, lowest with positive, negative
 
  // Store highest positive product
  int highPos = findProduct(highest, positive);
 
  // Store product of highest with negative
  int highNeg = findProduct(highest, negative);
 
  // Store product of lowest with positive
  int lowPos = findProduct(lowest, positive);
 
  // Store lowest negative product
  int lowNeg = findProduct(lowest, negative);
 
  // Return the maximum positive and
  // minimum negative product
  if(lowest < 0 and highest >= 0)
    return {max(highPos, lowNeg), min(highNeg, lowPos)};
 
  else if(lowest <= 0 and highest <= 0)
    return {lowNeg, lowPos};
 
  else if(lowest >= 0 and highest >= 0)
    return {max(lowPos, highPos), min(lowNeg, highNeg)};
 
}
 
 
// Driver Code
 
int main()
{
 
  // Count of given arrays
  int N = 2;
 
  // Given list of N arrays
  vector>arr{{-3, -4}, {1, 2, -3}};
 
  // Store the maximum positive and
  // minimum negative product possible
  pair ans = calculateProduct(arr, 0);
 
  // Print the maximum product
  cout<

Java

// Java program for the above approach
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
class GFG
{
     
    // Function to return the product of 2 numbers
    static int findProduct(int number_1, int number_2)
    {
       
        // If any of the two numbers is None
        if(number_1 == Integer.MIN_VALUE || number_2 == Integer.MIN_VALUE)
        {
            return 0;
        }
       
        // Otherwise, return the product
        else
            return number_1 * number_2;
    }
     
    // Function to calculate maximum product
    // by taking only one element from each
    // array present in the list
    static ArrayList calculateProduct(ArrayList> List,  int index)
    {
       
        // Find the maximum and minimum
        // present in the current array
        int highest = Collections.max(List.get(index));
        int lowest = Collections.min(List.get(index));
         
        // If last index is reached, then
        // return the highest(positive)
        // and lowest(negative) values
        if(index + 1 == List.size())
        {
            if(lowest < 0 && highest >= 0)
            {
                return (new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(highest, lowest)));
            }
            else if(lowest <= 0 && highest <= 0)
            {
                return (new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(Integer.MIN_VALUE, lowest)));
            }
            else if(lowest >= 0 && highest >= 0)
            {
                return (new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(highest,Integer.MIN_VALUE)));
            }
        }
         
        // Store the positive and negative products
        // returned by calculating for the
        // remaining arrays
        ArrayList temp = calculateProduct(List, index + 1);
        int positive = temp.get(0);
        int negative = temp.get(1);
         
        // Calculate for all combinations of
        // highest, lowest with positive, negative
  
        // Store highest positive product
        int highPos = findProduct(highest, positive);
         
        // Store product of highest with negative
        int highNeg = findProduct(highest, negative);
         
        // Store product of lowest with positive
        int lowPos = findProduct(lowest, positive);
         
        // Store lowest negative product
        int lowNeg = findProduct(lowest, negative);
         
        // Return the maximum positive and
        // minimum negative product
        if(lowest < 0 && highest >= 0)
        {
            return (new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(Math.max(highPos, lowNeg), Math.min(highNeg, lowPos))));
        }
        else if(lowest <= 0 && highest <= 0)
        {
           return (new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(lowNeg, lowPos)));
        }
        else if(lowest >= 0 && highest >= 0)
        {
            return (new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(Math.max(lowPos, highPos), Math.min(lowNeg, highNeg))));
        }
         
        return (new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(0,0)));
    }
     
    // Driver Code
    public static void main (String[] args) {
         
        // Count of given arrays
        int N = 2;
         
        // Given list of N arrays
        ArrayList> arr = new ArrayList>();
        arr.add(new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(-3, -4)));
        arr.add(new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(1, 2, -3)));
         
        // Store the maximum positive and
        // minimum negative product possible
        ArrayList ans = calculateProduct(arr, 0);
         
        // Print the maximum product
        System.out.println(ans.get(0));
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by avanitrachhadiya2155

Python3

# Python program for the above approach
 
# Function to return the product of 2 numbers
def findProduct(number_1, number_2):
 
    # If any of the two numbers is None
    if(number_1 == None or number_2 == None):
        return 0
 
    # Otherwise, return the product
    else:
        return number_1 * number_2
 
# Function to calculate maximum product
# by taking only one element from each
# array present in the list
def calculateProduct(List, index):
 
    # Find the maximum and minimum
    # present in the current array
    highest = max(List[index])
    lowest = min(List[index])
 
    # If last index is reached, then
    # return the highest(positive)
    # and lowest(negative) values
    if(index + 1 == len(List)):
        if(lowest < 0 and highest >= 0):
            return [highest, lowest]
 
        elif(lowest <= 0 and highest <= 0):
            return [None, lowest]
 
        elif(lowest >= 0 and highest >= 0):
            return [highest, None]
 
    # Store the positive and negative products
    # returned by calculating for the
    # remaining arrays
    [positive, negative] = calculateProduct(List, index + 1)
 
    # Calculate for all combinations of
    # highest, lowest with positive, negative
 
    # Store highest positive product
    highPos = findProduct(highest, positive)
 
    # Store product of highest with negative
    highNeg = findProduct(highest, negative)
 
    # Store product of lowest with positive
    lowPos = findProduct(lowest, positive)
 
    # Store lowest negative product
    lowNeg = findProduct(lowest, negative)
 
    # Return the maximum positive and
    # minimum negative product
    if(lowest < 0 and highest >= 0):
        return [max(highPos, lowNeg), min(highNeg, lowPos)]
 
    elif(lowest <= 0 and highest <= 0):
        return [lowNeg, lowPos]
 
    elif(lowest >= 0 and highest >= 0):
        return [max(lowPos, highPos), min(lowNeg, highNeg)]
 
 
# Driver Code
 
# Count of given arrays
N = 2
 
# Given list of N arrays
arr = [[-3, -4], [1, 2, -3]]
 
# Store the maximum positive and
# minimum negative product possible
positive, negative = calculateProduct(arr, 0)
 
# Print the maximum product
print(positive)

C＃

// C# program for the above approach
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
 
public class GFG
{
 
  // Function to return the product of 2 numbers
  static int findProduct(int number_1, int number_2)
  {
 
    // If any of the two numbers is None
    if(number_1 == Int32.MinValue || number_2 == Int32.MinValue)
    {
      return 0;
    }
 
    // Otherwise, return the product
    else
      return number_1 * number_2;
  }
 
  // Function to calculate maximum product
  // by taking only one element from each
  // array present in the list
  static List calculateProduct(List> List,  int index)
  {
 
    // Find the maximum and minimum
    // present in the current array
    int highest = List[index].Max();
    int lowest = List[index].Min();
 
    // If last index is reached, then
    // return the highest(positive)
    // and lowest(negative) values
    if(index + 1 == List.Count)
    {
      if(lowest < 0 && highest >= 0)
      {
        return (new List(){highest,lowest});
      }
      else if(lowest <= 0 && highest <= 0)
      {
        return (new List(){Int32.MinValue, lowest});
      }
      else if(lowest >= 0 && highest >= 0)
      {
        return (new List(){highest, Int32.MinValue});
      }
    }
 
    // Store the positive and negative products
    // returned by calculating for the
    // remaining arrays
    List temp = calculateProduct(List, index + 1);
    int positive = temp[0];
    int negative = temp[1];
 
    // Calculate for all combinations of
    // highest, lowest with positive, negative
 
    // Store highest positive product
    int highPos = findProduct(highest, positive);
 
    // Store product of highest with negative
    int highNeg = findProduct(highest, negative);
 
    // Store product of lowest with positive
    int lowPos = findProduct(lowest, positive);
 
    // Store lowest negative product
    int lowNeg = findProduct(lowest, negative);
 
    // Return the maximum positive and
    // minimum negative product
    if(lowest < 0 && highest >= 0)
    {
      return (new List(){Math.Max(highPos, lowNeg), Math.Min(highNeg, lowPos)});
    }
    else if(lowest <= 0 && highest <= 0)
    {
      return (new List(){lowNeg, lowPos});
    }
    else if(lowest >= 0 && highest >= 0)
    {
      return (new List(){Math.Max(lowPos, highPos), Math.Min(lowNeg, highNeg)});
    }
 
    return (new List(){0,0});
  }
 
  // Driver Code
  static public void Main ()
  {
 
    // Given list of N arrays
    List> arr = new List>();
    arr.Add(new List(){-3, -4});
    arr.Add(new List(){1, 2, -3});
 
    // Store the maximum positive and
    // minimum negative product possible
    List ans = calculateProduct(arr, 0);
 
    // Print the maximum product
    Console.WriteLine(ans[0]);
  }
}
 
// This code is contributed by rag2127.

输出：

12

时间复杂度： O(N * length(array))
辅助空间： O(1)