C++ STL中的multiset upper_bound()与示例

multiset :: upper_bound()是C++ STL中的内置函数，该函数返回一个迭代器，该迭代器指向刚好大于k的下一个元素。如果参数中传递的键超过了容器中的最大键，则返回的迭代器将指向一个元素，该元素指向容器中最后一个元素之后的位置。

句法：

multiset_name.upper_bound(key)

参数：此函数接受单个强制性参数键，该键指定要返回其upper_bound的元素。

返回值：该函数返回一个迭代器。

下面的程序说明了上述函数：

程序1：

C++

// C++ program to demonstrate the
// multiset::upper_bound() function
#include 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
 
    multiset s;
 
    // Function to insert elements
    // in the multiset container
    s.insert(1);
    s.insert(3);
    s.insert(3);
    s.insert(5);
    s.insert(4);
 
    cout << "The multiset elements are: ";
    for (auto it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++)
        cout << *it << " ";
 
    // when 3 is present
    auto it = s.upper_bound(3);
    cout << "\nThe upper bound of key 3 is ";
    cout << (*it) << endl;
 
    // when 2 is not present
    // points to next greater after 2
    it = s.upper_bound(2);
    cout << "The upper bound of key 2 is ";
    cout << (*it) << endl;
 
    // when 10 exceeds the max element in multiset
    it = s.upper_bound(10);
    cout << "The upper bound of key 10 is ";
    cout << (*it) << endl;
 
    return 0;
}

输出：

The multiset elements are: 1 3 3 4 5 
The upper bound of key 3 is 4
The upper bound of key 2 is 3
The upper bound of key 10 is 5

程式2：

C++

// C++ program to demonstrate the
// multiset::upper_bound() function
#include 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
 
    multiset s;
 
    // Function to insert elements
    // in the multiset container
    s.insert(10);
    s.insert(13);
    s.insert(13);
    s.insert(25);
    s.insert(24);
 
    cout << "The multiset elements are: ";
    for (auto it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++)
        cout << *it << " ";
 
    // when 10 is present
    auto it = s.upper_bound(10);
    cout << "\nThe upper bound of key 10 is ";
    cout << (*it) << endl;
 
    // when 2 is not present
    // points to next greater after 2
    it = s.upper_bound(2);
    cout << "The upper bound of key 2 is ";
    cout << (*it) << endl;
 
    // when 24 exceeds is the max element
    it = s.upper_bound(24);
    cout << "The upper bound of key 24 is ";
    cout << (*it) << endl;
 
    return 0;
}

输出

The multiset elements are: 10 13 13 24 25 
The upper bound of key 10 is 13
The upper bound of key 2 is 10
The upper bound of key 24 is 25

多重设定的所有功能

要从最佳影片策划和实践问题去学习，检查了C++基础课程为基础，以先进的C++和C++ STL课程基础加上STL。要完成从学习语言到DS Algo等的更多准备工作，请参阅“完整面试准备课程” 。