逻辑指令是执行基本逻辑运算(例如AND，OR等)的指令。在8086微处理器中，目标操作数不必是累加器。
下表显示了逻辑指令列表：
| OPCODE | OPERAND | DESTINATION | EXAMPLE |
|---|---|---|---|
| AND | D, S | D = D AND S | AND AX, 0010 |
| OR | D, S | D = D OR S | OR AX, BX |
| NOT | D | D = NOT of D | NOT AL |
| XOR | D, S | D = D XOR S | XOR AL, BL |
| TEST | D, S | performs bit-wise AND operation and affects the flag registor | TEST [0250], 06 |
| SHR | D, C | shifts each bit in D to the right C times and 0 is stored at MSB position | SHR AL, 04 |
| SHL | D, C | shifts each bit in D to the left C times and 0 is stored at LSB position | SHL AX, BL |
| ROR | D, C | rotates all bits in D to the right C times | ROR BL, CL |
| ROL | R, C | rotates all bits in D to the left C times | ROL BX, 06 |
| RCR | D, C | rotates all bits in D to the right along with carry flag C times | RCR BL, CL |
| RCL | R, C | rotates all bits in D to the left along with carry flag C times | RCL BX, 06 |
D代表目的地，S代表源，C代表计数。
它们可以是寄存器，数据或存储器地址。