最大化可以选择的元素的数量，它们的总和与 K 之间的差异最小

给定一个数组arr[]和一个整数值K ，任务是计算可以选择的数组元素的最大数量，使得：

• 所选数组元素的总和小于K 。
• K –(所选元素的总和)大于或等于0并且是可能的最小值。

例子：

Examples:
Input: arr[] = {20, 90, 40, 90}, K = 100
Output: 2
Explanation: {20, 40} are selected such that their sum ( = 60) is less than K and K – total sum ( = 40) is greater than 0 and minimum possible.

Examples:
Input: arr[] = {30, 30, 10, 10}, K = 50
Output: 3
Explanation: {10, 10, 30} are selected< such that their sum ( = 50) is equal to K and K – total sum is 0 and minimum possible.

方法：解决这个问题的主要思想是使用贪心方法。请按照以下步骤解决此问题：

• 对给定的数组进行排序。
• 现在，从第一个数组元素开始，将当前元素添加到总和中。
• 将计数增加 1。
• 检查总和是否大于K。
  • 如果发现是真的，不要再选择任何元素。
  • 否则，重复上述过程，直到遍历完数组的最后一个元素。
• 答案是所选元素的总数。

下面是上述方法的实现：

C++

// C++ implementation of the above approach
#include 
using namespace std;
 
// Function to count maximum number
// of elements that can be selected
int CountMaximum(int arr[], int n, int k)
{
 
    // Sort he array
    sort(arr, arr + n);
 
    int sum = 0, count = 0;
 
    // Traverse the array
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        // Add current element
        // to the sum
        sum += arr[i];
 
        // IF sum exceeds k
        if (sum > k)
            break;
 
        // Increment count
        count++;
    }
 
    // Return the count
    return count;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int arr[] = { 30, 30, 10, 10 };
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
    int k = 50;
 
    cout << CountMaximum(arr, n, k);
 
    return 0;
}

Javascript

 
// Javascript program of the above approach
 
    // Function to count maximum number
    // of elements that can be selected
    function CountMaximum(arr, n, k)
    {
        // Sorting the array
        arr.sort();
  
        let sum = 0, count = 0;
  
        // Traverse the array
        for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            // Add the current
            // element to the sum
            sum += arr[i];
  
            // If sum exceeds k
            if (sum > k)
                break;
  
            // Increment count
            count++;
        }
  
        // Returning the count
        return count;
    }
 
    // Driver Code
     
        let arr = [ 30, 30, 10, 10 ];
        let n = 4;
        let k = 50;
  
        // Function call
        document.write(
        CountMaximum(arr, n, k));
  

C++

// C++ implementation of the above approach
#include 
using namespace std;
 
// Function to count maximum number
// of elements that can be selected
int CountMaximum(int arr[], int n, int k)
{
 
    // Sort the array
    sort(arr, arr + n);
 
    int sum = 0, count = 0;
 
    // Traverse the array
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        // Add current element
        // to the sum
        sum += arr[i];
 
        // IF sum exceeds k
        if (sum > k)
            break;
 
        // Increment count
        count++;
    }
 
    // Return the count
    return count;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int arr[] = { 30, 30, 10, 10 };
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
    int k = 50;
 
    cout << CountMaximum(arr, n, k);
 
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java implementation of the above approach
import java.util.Arrays;
 
public class GFG {
    // Function to count maximum number
    // of elements that can be selected
    static int CountMaximum(int arr[], int n, int k)
    {
        // Sorting the array
        Arrays.sort(arr);
 
        int sum = 0, count = 0;
 
        // Traverse the array
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            // Add the current
            // element to the sum
            sum += arr[i];
 
            // If sum exceeds k
            if (sum > k)
                break;
 
            // Increment count
            count++;
        }
 
        // Returning the count
        return count;
    }
 
    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int arr[] = { 30, 30, 10, 10 };
        int n = 4;
        int k = 50;
 
        // Function call
        System.out.println(
            CountMaximum(arr, n, k));
    }
}

蟒蛇3

# Python3 implementation of the above approach
 
# Function to count maximum number
# of elements that can be selected
def CountMaximum(arr, n, k) :
 
    # Sort he array
    arr.sort()
    Sum, count = 0, 0
 
    # Traverse the array
    for i in range(0, n) :
       
        # Add current element
        # to the sum
        Sum += arr[i]
 
        # IF sum exceeds k
        if (Sum > k) :
            break
 
        # Increment count
        count += 1
 
    # Return the count
    return count
 
  # Driver code
arr = [ 30, 30, 10, 10 ]
n = len(arr)
k = 50
 
print(CountMaximum(arr, n, k))
 
# This code is contributed by divyesh072019

C＃

// C# implementation of the above approach
using System;
class GFG
{
 
  // Function to count maximum number
  // of elements that can be selected
  static int CountMaximum(int[] arr, int n, int k)
  {
    // Sorting the array
    Array.Sort(arr);
    int sum = 0, count = 0;
 
    // Traverse the array
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
 
      // Add the current
      // element to the sum
      sum += arr[i];
 
      // If sum exceeds k
      if (sum > k)
        break;
 
      // Increment count
      count++;
    }
 
    // Returning the count
    return count;
  }
 
  // Driver code
  static public void Main()
  {
    int[] arr = new int[] { 30, 30, 10, 10 };
    int n = 4;
    int k = 50;
 
    // Function call
    Console.WriteLine(CountMaximum(arr, n, k));
  }
}
 
// This code is contributed by dharanendralv23

Javascript

 
    // Javascript implementation of
    // the above approach
     
    // Function to count maximum number
    // of elements that can be selected
    function CountMaximum(arr, n, k)
    {
 
        // Sort the array
        arr.sort(function(a, b){return a - b});
 
        let sum = 0, count = 0;
 
        // Traverse the array
        for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            // Add current element
            // to the sum
            sum += arr[i];
 
            // IF sum exceeds k
            if (sum > k)
                break;
 
            // Increment count
            count++;
        }
 
        // Return the count
        return count;
    }
     
    let arr = [ 30, 30, 10, 10 ];
    let n = arr.length;
    let k = 50;
  
    document.write(CountMaximum(arr, n, k));
   

输出：

3

时间复杂度： O(N log N)
辅助空间： O(1)

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