1. 路由器：
路由器是一种网络设备，它工作在网络层，即 ISO-OSI 模型的第三层。它在网络之间建立简单的连接，以提供网络之间的数据流。路由器以数据包的形式传输数据用于局域网和城域网。
2. 枢纽：
集线器是一种简单的网络设备，它仅在物理层(即 ISO-OSI 模型的第一层)上运行。集线器用于以电信号的形式传输信号，不提供包过滤。它是一种半双工传输模式，一般只用于局域网。路由器和集线器的区别：
| S.No. | Router | Hub |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Router operates at the network layer of OSI model. | Hub operates on the physical layer of OSI model. |
| 2. | Router provides the full duplex mode of transmission. | Hub provides the half duplex mode of transmission. |
| 3. | Router transfers data in the form of packet. | Hub transmits data in the form of electric signals or bits. |
| 4. | Router is very sophisticated device and widely used. | Hub is simply primitive type of device and is not generally used. |
| 5. | Router is relatively expensive device. | Hub is not an intelligent device hence it is comparatively much cheaper. |
| 6. | Router is used in LAN as well as MAN. | While Hub is generally used in LAN only. |
| 7. | Routing are of two types : Adaptive and Non-adaptive routing. | Hubs are of two types : Active and Passive Hub. |