先决条件 – 网络设备
中心：
集线器是一种网络设备，用于将信号传输到每个端口(一个端口除外)以响应接收信号。集线器在物理层上运行。在这个包过滤是不可用的。它有两种类型：主动集线器、被动集线器。
桥：
Bridge 也是一种网络设备，用于连接两个使用相同协议的不同 LAN。网桥的类型有源路由、透明和转换。在桥接器中，一个端口用于传入，另一个端口用于传出。
集线器和桥接器的区别：
| S.NO | Hub | Bridge |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Hub is network device which is used for connecting number of devices. | Bridge is also a network device which is used to connect two different LAN working on same protocol. |
| 2. | Types of Hub are: Active and Passive. | Types of bridge are: Source route, Transparent and Translation. |
| 3. | Hub does not perform data filtration. | While bridge performs data filtration. |
| 4. | There are multiple ports are used in Hub. | But in bridge one port for incoming and another port for outgoing. |
| 5. | Hub connects the LAN’s segment. | While bridge connects two different LAN working on same protocol. |
| 6. | Hub operates on the physical layer of the ISO-OSI Model. | While bridge operates on the data link layer of the ISO-OSI model. |