在Python中使用 PyQt5 创建模拟时钟

先决条件： pyqt-5简介

当时钟或手表有移动的指针和（通常）从数字 1 到 12 标记的小时以显示时间时，它被称为“模拟” 。有些有罗马数字（I、II、III 等），或者根本没有数字！换句话说：不是数字时钟。

PyQt5是一个跨平台的 GUI 工具包，一组用于 Qt v5 的Python绑定。由于该库提供的工具和简单性，人们可以非常轻松地开发交互式桌面应用程序。 GUI 应用程序由前端和后端组成。

方法：

创建一个继承 QMainWindow 类的时钟类。
在 Clock 类中创建一个计时器对象，该对象每秒更新整个代码。
为时钟的每只指针创建三个多边形对象。
创建一个绘画事件方法。
在paint事件方法中获取当前时间和窗口宽度或高度的最小值。
创建一个画家对象和一个绘制手的方法。
在绘制手（指针）的方法中，接受颜色、旋转和多边形对象等参数。
旋转画家对象并绘制指针。
在paint事件方法内部，根据当前时间设置旋转值并调用draw指针方法。
绘制时钟的背景图像，即每小时的线条。

下面是实现：

Python3

# importing libraries
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
import sys
  
# creating a clock class
class Clock(QMainWindow):
  
    # constructor
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
  
        # creating a timer object
        timer = QTimer(self)
  
        # adding action to the timer
        # update the whole code
        timer.timeout.connect(self.update)
  
        # setting start time of timer i.e 1 second
        timer.start(1000)
  
        # setting window title
        self.setWindowTitle('Clock')
  
        # setting window geometry
        self.setGeometry(200, 200, 300, 300)
  
        # setting background color to the window
        self.setStyleSheet("background : black;")
  
        # creating hour hand
        self.hPointer = QtGui.QPolygon([QPoint(6, 7),
                                        QPoint(-6, 7),
                                        QPoint(0, -50)])
  
        # creating minute hand
        self.mPointer = QPolygon([QPoint(6, 7),
                                  QPoint(-6, 7),
                                  QPoint(0, -70)])
  
        # creating second hand
        self.sPointer = QPolygon([QPoint(1, 1),
                                  QPoint(-1, 1),
                                  QPoint(0, -90)])
        # colors
        # color for minute and hour hand
        self.bColor = Qt.green
  
        # color for second hand
        self.sColor = Qt.red
  
    # method for paint event
    def paintEvent(self, event):
  
        # getting minimum of width and height
        # so that clock remain square
        rec = min(self.width(), self.height())
  
        # getting current time
        tik = QTime.currentTime()
  
        # creating a painter object
        painter = QPainter(self)
  
  
        # method to draw the hands
        # argument : color rotation and which hand should be pointed
        def drawPointer(color, rotation, pointer):
  
            # setting brush
            painter.setBrush(QBrush(color))
  
            # saving painter
            painter.save()
  
            # rotating painter
            painter.rotate(rotation)
  
            # draw the polygon i.e hand
            painter.drawConvexPolygon(pointer)
  
            # restore the painter
            painter.restore()
  
  
        # tune up painter
        painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)
  
        # translating the painter
        painter.translate(self.width() / 2, self.height() / 2)
  
        # scale the painter
        painter.scale(rec / 200, rec / 200)
  
        # set current pen as no pen
        painter.setPen(QtCore.Qt.NoPen)
  
  
        # draw each hand
        drawPointer(self.bColor, (30 * (tik.hour() + tik.minute() / 60)), self.hPointer)
        drawPointer(self.bColor, (6 * (tik.minute() + tik.second() / 60)), self.mPointer)
        drawPointer(self.sColor, (6 * tik.second()), self.sPointer)
  
  
        # drawing background
        painter.setPen(QPen(self.bColor))
  
        # for loop
        for i in range(0, 60):
  
            # drawing background lines
            if (i % 5) == 0:
                painter.drawLine(87, 0, 97, 0)
  
            # rotating the painter
            painter.rotate(6)
  
        # ending the painter
        painter.end()
  
# Driver code
if __name__ == '__main__':
    
  app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    
  # creating a clock object
  win = Clock()
    
  # show
  win.show()
    
  exit(app.exec_())

输出：