使用 Matplotlib 在Python中将非结构化三角形网格绘制为线条或标记
Matplotlib是Python中用于数组二维图的惊人可视化库。 Matplotlib 是一个基于 NumPy 数组构建的多平台数据可视化库,旨在与更广泛的 SciPy 堆栈配合使用。
非结构化三角形网格
非结构化_ 网格可以定义为欧几里得平面或图表的一部分,可以组合成一个图案,两个形状之间没有空格。非结构化 网格可以是不规则图案的三角形或四面体。可以使用 Ruppert 算法从不规则形状的多边形绘制非结构化三角形网格。
这里的任务是使用 Matplotlib 在Python中绘制一个非结构化的三角形网格作为线条和/或标记。为了完成这个任务,你可以使用triplot()函数,我们需要一些来自matplotlib和numpy库的模块。
示例 1:创建和绘制非结构化三角形网格。
Python3
# Importing modules
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.tri as tri
import numpy as np
n_angles = 24
n_radii = 9
min_radius = 0.5
radii = np.linspace(min_radius, 0.9,
n_radii)
angles = np.linspace(0, 6 * np.pi, n_angles,
endpoint=False)
angles = np.repeat(angles[..., np.newaxis],
n_radii, axis=1)
angles[:, 1::2] += np.pi / n_angles
x = (radii * np.cos(angles)).flatten()
y = (radii * np.sin(angles)).flatten()
triang = tri.Triangulation(x, y)
triang.set_mask(np.hypot(x[triang.triangles].mean(axis=1),
y[triang.triangles].mean(axis=1))
< min_radius)
plt.triplot(triang, 'o-', lw=1)
plt.title('Example 1')
plt.show()
Python3
# Importing modules
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.tri import Triangulation
from matplotlib.patches import Polygon
import numpy as np
def Trigolo1(tri):
if tri == -1:
points = [0, 0, 0]
else:
points = triang.triangles[tri]
xs = triang.x[points]
ys = triang.y[points]
polygon.set_xy(np.column_stack([xs, ys]))
def Trigolo2(event):
if event.inaxes is None:
tri = -1
else:
tri = trifinder(event.xdata, event.ydata)
Trigolo1(tri)
plt.title('Example 2\nTriangle No : %i' % tri)
event.canvas.draw()
# Create a Triangulation.
ang = 16
rad = 5
mrad = 0.25
radii = np.linspace(mrad, 0.95, rad)
angletri = np.linspace(0,
2 * np.pi, ang,
endpoint=False)
angletri = np.repeat(angletri[..., np.newaxis],
rad,
axis=1)
angletri[:, 1::2] += np.pi / ang
x = (radii*np.cos(angletri)).flatten()
y = (radii*np.sin(angletri)).flatten()
triang = Triangulation(x, y)
triang.set_mask(np.hypot(x[triang.triangles].mean(axis=1),
y[triang.triangles].mean(axis=1))
< mrad)
# Use the triangulation's default TriFinder object.
trifinder = triang.get_trifinder()
# Setup plot and callbacks.
plt.subplot(111, aspect='equal')
plt.triplot(triang, 'o-')
polygon = Polygon([[0, 0], [0, 0]], facecolor='y')
Trigolo1(-1)
plt.gca().add_patch(polygon)
plt.gcf().canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', Trigolo2)
plt.show()
Python3
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.tri as mtri
import numpy as np
# Create triangulation.
x = np.asarray([0, 1, 2,
3, 0.5, 1.5,
2.5, 1, 2,
1.5])
y = np.asarray([0, 0, 0,
0, 1.0, 1.0,
1.0, 2, 2,
3.0])
triangles = [[0, 1, 4], [1, 2, 5],
[2, 3, 6], [1, 5, 4],
[2, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7],
[5, 6, 8], [5, 8, 7],
[7, 8, 9]]
triang = mtri.Triangulation(x, y, triangles)
z = np.cos(1.5 * x) * np.cos(1.5 * y)
plt.tricontourf(triang, z)
plt.triplot(triang, 'go-')
plt.title('Example 3')
plt.show()
输出:
示例 2:使用 TriFinder 对象突出显示非结构化三角形网格。
Python3
# Importing modules
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.tri import Triangulation
from matplotlib.patches import Polygon
import numpy as np
def Trigolo1(tri):
if tri == -1:
points = [0, 0, 0]
else:
points = triang.triangles[tri]
xs = triang.x[points]
ys = triang.y[points]
polygon.set_xy(np.column_stack([xs, ys]))
def Trigolo2(event):
if event.inaxes is None:
tri = -1
else:
tri = trifinder(event.xdata, event.ydata)
Trigolo1(tri)
plt.title('Example 2\nTriangle No : %i' % tri)
event.canvas.draw()
# Create a Triangulation.
ang = 16
rad = 5
mrad = 0.25
radii = np.linspace(mrad, 0.95, rad)
angletri = np.linspace(0,
2 * np.pi, ang,
endpoint=False)
angletri = np.repeat(angletri[..., np.newaxis],
rad,
axis=1)
angletri[:, 1::2] += np.pi / ang
x = (radii*np.cos(angletri)).flatten()
y = (radii*np.sin(angletri)).flatten()
triang = Triangulation(x, y)
triang.set_mask(np.hypot(x[triang.triangles].mean(axis=1),
y[triang.triangles].mean(axis=1))
< mrad)
# Use the triangulation's default TriFinder object.
trifinder = triang.get_trifinder()
# Setup plot and callbacks.
plt.subplot(111, aspect='equal')
plt.triplot(triang, 'o-')
polygon = Polygon([[0, 0], [0, 0]], facecolor='y')
Trigolo1(-1)
plt.gca().add_patch(polygon)
plt.gcf().canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', Trigolo2)
plt.show()
输出:
示例 3:显示三角剖分图的示例。
Python3
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.tri as mtri
import numpy as np
# Create triangulation.
x = np.asarray([0, 1, 2,
3, 0.5, 1.5,
2.5, 1, 2,
1.5])
y = np.asarray([0, 0, 0,
0, 1.0, 1.0,
1.0, 2, 2,
3.0])
triangles = [[0, 1, 4], [1, 2, 5],
[2, 3, 6], [1, 5, 4],
[2, 6, 5], [4, 5, 7],
[5, 6, 8], [5, 8, 7],
[7, 8, 9]]
triang = mtri.Triangulation(x, y, triangles)
z = np.cos(1.5 * x) * np.cos(1.5 * y)
plt.tricontourf(triang, z)
plt.triplot(triang, 'go-')
plt.title('Example 3')
plt.show()
输出: