📜  PostgreSQL vs MySQL

📅  最后修改于: 2020-11-19 09:21:30             🧑  作者: Mango

PostgreSQL和MySQL之间的区别

当我们选择哪种数据库软件最适合我们的项目时,最重要的是在数据库之间进行比较。 PostgreSQL和MySQL都是开源社区提供的两种最受欢迎和使用最广泛的数据库软件。这两个数据库都有其优点,因此组织的更好选择取决于特定的要求和目标。在进行比较之前,我们将简要讨论这些数据库。

什么是PostgreSQL?

PostgreSQL是一个开放源代码,跨平台和对象关系数据库管理系统(ORDBMS),它是用C编程语言正式编写的。最初,它是在加利福尼亚大学计算机科学系引入的。它提供了非常简单的设置和安装。它已经支持SQL和NoSQL查询语言。它提供安全存储的数据,并且可以在处理请求时恢复。它符合ACID,高度并发,还支持功能,存储过程和触发器。它具有MVCC(多版本并发控制),允许多个用户一次在系统上工作。

什么是MySQL?

MySQL是用于管理关系数据库的开源且流行的数据库管理系统。 Oracle提供了访问和管理该数据库的支持。与其他数据库相比,它是快速,可伸缩且易于使用的数据库管理系统。它通常与PHP脚本一起使用,以创建功能强大且动态的服务器端或基于Web的企业应用程序。

它作为客户端-服务器体系结构工作,客户端通过图形用户界面(GUI)发出请求,并且一旦指令匹配,服务器将提供所需的输出。

它由瑞典公司MySQL AB开发和支持,并用C和C++编程语言编写。许多大小公司都使用MySQL。 MySQL支持使用C,C++和Java语言的许多操作系统,例如Windows,Linux,MacOS等。

PostgreSQL与MySQL

让我们通过表格形式比较两个数据库。尽管PostgreSQL和MySQL都是顶级的关系数据库管理系统(RDBMS),但是它们之间还是存在根本差异。

Parameter PostgreSQL MySQL
Definition PostgreSQL is an open-source, cross-platform, and object-relational database management system (ORDBMS) built in the computer science department, University of California. It is an open-source, cross-platform relational database management system built by Swedish Company MYSQL AB and currently supported by the Oracle.
Known as PostgreSQL is a more densely featured database system. It is described as the most advanced open-source database version of Oracle in the world. MySQL is known for its fast speed, but it is less featured than PostgreSQL. It is the most popular database among the organization.
Release It was released as Postgre95 in May 1995. It was released in 1995.
Licensing It is license under the MIT-style. It is license under the GNU (General Public License).
Pronounce It is pronounced as post gress queue ell. It is pronounced as my ess queue ell.
Programming Languages

Implementation

It is written in C. It is written in C/C++.
Popularity PostgreSQL is popular among the developers who come from the Oracle or SQL Server background. MySQL is popular among developers because of its fast speed and ease of use.
GUI Tool It provides PgAdmin GUI. It provides MySQL Workbench GUI.
Storage Engine PostgreSQL is a unified database server having a single storage engine. MySQL has a multi-layer structure having a set of storage engines. For example, InnoDB, MyISAM.
ACID Compliance It has the complete support of ACID-compliant. Only some versions are ACID-compliant.
Main Focus PostgreSQL is developed with a focus on features and standards. MySQL is developed with a focus on speed.
Used PostgreSQL is generally used on large and complex operations. It is more reliable for them. MySQL is generally used on simple operations.
Security It has Native SSL support. It has TLS support.
Provides PostgreSQL provides reliability, data integrity, and developers-friendly features. MySQL is generally used with PHP to deal with web pages and optimize simple queries.
Temporary Table It does not have a TEMP or TEMPORARY keyword in the DROP TABLE statement. It has a TEMP or TEMPORARY keyword in the DROP TABLE statement to remove the temporary table.
Table Inheritance It supports. It does not Support.
Replication Asynchronous, Cascade, and Synchronous. Asynchronous, Synchronous, and Semi-synchronous.
Task Scheduler It has a pgAgent task scheduler. It has a Scheduled event.
Connection Scalability Here, every time a connection is created, it is an OS process. Here, every time a connection is created, it is an OS thread.
Community Support It has strong and active community support of developers who continually improves the existing features with access to free resources. It has broad community support of developers who always maintain existing features with new features.
Company Uses Apple, Etsy, IMDB, Macworld, Debian, Red Hat, Sun Microsystem, Cisco, Skype. GitHub, US Navy, NASA, Tesla, Netflix, Facebook, Twitter, Zappos, YouTube, Spotify.

PostgreSQL比MySQL的优势

以下是使PostgreSQL比MySQL更有利的几点:

  • PostgreSQL是一个非常安全,独立且功能丰富的开源数据库。
  • PostgreSQL支持许多高级数据类型,例如多维数组,用户定义的类型等。
  • PostgreSQL很好地遵循了SQL标准,并支持“高级” SQL内容,例如窗口函数或公用表表达式。
  • 它提供了Oracle和SQL Server支持的所有性能优化。
  • PostgreSQL正在被Amazon,Redshift,Instagram等公司使用。

MySQL比PostgreSQL的优势

以下是使MySQL比PostgreSQL更有利的几点:

  • 就数据库排名而言,MySQL比PostgreSQL更受欢迎。
  • 在MySQL中,获得社区支持和搜索答案比PostgreSQL更容易。
  • 复制是在MySQL而非PostgreSQL中很好地实现的。
  • MySQL正在被Facebook,Twitter,Pinterest等公司使用。