C ++程序对矩阵按行和按列进行排序
给定anxn矩阵。问题是按行和按列对矩阵进行排序。
例子:
Input : mat[][] = { {4, 1, 3},
{9, 6, 8},
{5, 2, 7} }
Output : 1 3 4
2 5 7
6 8 9
Input : mat[][] = { {12, 7, 1, 8},
{20, 9, 11, 2},
{15, 4, 5, 13},
{3, 18, 10, 6} }
Output : 1 5 8 12
2 6 10 15
3 7 11 18
4 9 13 20
方法:以下是步骤:
- 对矩阵的每一行进行排序。
- 获取矩阵的转置。
- 再次对矩阵的每一行进行排序。
- 再次获得矩阵的转置。
使用 C++ STL sort() 对矩阵的每一行进行排序的算法:
for (int i = 0 ; i < n; i++)
sort(mat[i], mat[i] + n);
获取矩阵转置的算法:
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; i < n; i++) {
int temp = mat[i][j];
mat[i][j] = mat[j][i];
mat[j][i] = temp;
}
}
C++
// C++ implementation to sort the matrix row-wise
// and column-wise
#include
using namespace std;
#define MAX_SIZE 10
// function to sort each row of the matrix
void sortByRow(int mat[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE], int n)
{
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
// sorting row number 'i'
sort(mat[i], mat[i] + n);
}
// function to find transpose of the matrix
void transpose(int mat[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE], int n)
{
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
// swapping element at index (i, j)
// by element at index (j, i)
swap(mat[i][j], mat[j][i]);
}
// function to sort the matrix row-wise
// and column-wise
void sortMatRowAndColWise(int mat[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE],
int n)
{
// sort rows of mat[][]
sortByRow(mat, n);
// get transpose of mat[][]
transpose(mat, n);
// again sort rows of mat[][]
sortByRow(mat, n);
// again get transpose of mat[][]
transpose(mat, n);
}
// function to print the matrix
void printMat(int mat[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE], int n)
{
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
cout << mat[i][j] << " ";
cout << endl;
}
}
// Driver program to test above
int main()
{
int mat[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE] = { { 4, 1, 3 },
{ 9, 6, 8 },
{ 5, 2, 7 } };
int n = 3;
cout << "Original Matrix:
";
printMat(mat, n);
sortMatRowAndColWise(mat, n);
cout << "
Matrix After Sorting:
";
printMat(mat, n);
return 0;
}
输出:
Original Matrix:
4 1 3
9 6 8
5 2 7
Matrix After Sorting:
1 3 4
2 5 7
6 8 9
时间复杂度: O(n 2 log 2 n)。
辅助空间:O(1)。
有关详细信息,请参阅有关按行和按列对矩阵进行排序的完整文章!