人工智能——术语

人工智能是一项研究，使计算机，机器人，一般来说，机器在解决任何问题时会思考人类的智力如何工作，思考和学习。这将影响比平常更智能的软件系统。人工智能的主要目标是增强与自然知识相关的计算机功能，用于说明、逻辑、知识和问题解答。

人工智能研究的目的是逻辑、知识表示、规划、知识、自然语言处理、实现以及移动和操纵对象的能力。通用情报部门有长期意图。方法包括统计方法、计算智能和传统的编码 AI。在与狩猎和精确优化、人工神经网络以及基于统计、概率和经济学的方法相关的人工智能研究中，我们使用了许多工具。计算机知识在科学、数学、心理学、语言学、哲学等领域吸引了人工智能。

AI领域常用术语列表

Term	Meaning
Agent	Agents are systems or software programs suitable for self-governed, purposeful, and logic channeled towards one or another objective. They’re also called assistants, brokers, bots, droids, intelligent agents, and software agents.
Automata theory	The study of abstract machines and automata, as well as the computational problems
Autonomous Robot	The robot is independent of external control or influence and capability to govern itself solely.
Autonomous car	A vehicle that is capable of sensing its environment and moving with little or no human input
Backward Chaining	The scheme of working backward for the Reason/ effect of a problem.
Blackboard	It’s the memory inside the computer, which is used for communication between the cooperating expert systems.
Environment	It’s the part of the real or computational world inhabited by the agent.
Forward Chaining	The strategy of working forward for the conclusion/ result of a problem.
Heuristics	Knowledge is predicated on Trial-and-error, estimations, and experiments.
Knowledge Engineering	Develops knowledge from natural experts and other sources.
Percepts	It’s the format in which the agent obtains information about the surroundings.
Pruning	Overriding nonessential and irrelative considerations in AI systems.
Rule	It’s a format of representing knowledge base in Expert System. It’s in the form of IF-THEN-ELSE.
Task	It’s the aim the agent is trying to achieve.