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📜  用于以最大最小形式重新排列数组的Python程序 – 设置 2(O(1) 额外空间)

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:56:06.942000             🧑  作者: Mango

用于以最大最小形式重新排列数组的Python程序 – 设置 2(O(1) 额外空间)

给定一个正整数的排序数组,交替重新排列数组,即第一个元素应该是最大值,第二个最小值,第三个最大值,第四个最小值等等。
例子:

我们在下面的帖子中讨论了一个解决方案:
以最大最小形式重新排列数组 | Set 1 : 这里讨论的解决方案需要额外的空间,如何用 O(1) 额外的空间来解决这个问题。

在这篇文章中,我们讨论了一个需要 O(n) 时间和 O(1) 额外空间的解决方案。这个想法是使用乘法和模块化技巧将两个元素存储在索引处。

even index : remaining maximum element.
odd index  : remaining minimum element.
 
max_index : Index of remaining maximum element
            (Moves from right to left)
min_index : Index of remaining minimum element
            (Moves from left to right)

Initialize: max_index = 'n-1'
            min_index = 0  

            // Can be any element which is more than
            // the maximum value in array
            max_element = arr[max_index] + 1 

For i = 0 to n-1            
    If 'i' is even
       arr[i] += (arr[max_index] % max_element * 
                  max_element) 
       max_index--    

    // if 'i' is odd 
    ELSE 
       arr[i] +=  (arr[min_index] % max_element * 
                   max_element)
       min_index++

表达式“arr[i] += arr[max_index] % max_element * max_element”是如何工作的?
此表达式的目的是在索引 arr[i] 处存储两个元素。 arr[max_index] 存储为乘数,“arr[i]”存储为余数。例如在 {1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9} 中,max_element 为 10,我们将 91 存储在索引 0 处。有了 91,我们可以得到原始元素为 91%10,新元素为 91/10。
下面实现上述想法:

Python3
# Python3 program to rearrange an 
# array in minimum maximum form
  
# Prints max at first position, min at 
# second position second max at third 
# position, second min at fourth
# position and so on.
def rearrange(arr, n):
  
    # Initialize index of first minimum 
    # and first maximum element
    max_idx = n - 1
    min_idx = 0
  
    # Store maximum element of array
    max_elem = arr[n-1] + 1
  
    # Traverse array elements
    for i in range(0, n) :
  
        # At even index : we have to put 
        # maximum element
        if i % 2 == 0 :
            arr[i] += ((arr[max_idx] % max_elem ) * 
                        max_elem)
            max_idx -= 1
  
        # At odd index : we have to put 
        # minimum element
        else :
            arr[i] += ((arr[min_idx] % max_elem ) * 
                        max_elem)
            min_idx += 1
  
    # Array elements back to it's original form
    for i in range(0, n) :
        arr[i] = arr[i] / max_elem 
  
# Driver Code
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
n = len(arr)
  
print ("Original Array")
  
for i in range(0, n):
    print (arr[i], end = " ")
      
rearrange(arr, n)
  
print ("Modified Array")
for i in range(0, n):
    print (int(arr[i]), end = " ")
# This code is contributed by Shreyanshi Arun.


Python3
# Python 3 program to rearrange an 
# array in minimum maximum form 
  
# Prints max at first position, min 
# at second position second max at
# third position, second min at 
# fourth position and so on. 
def rearrange(arr, n):
  
    # initialize index of first minimum 
    # and first maximum element 
    max_ele = arr[n - 1]
    min_ele = arr[0]
  
    # traverse array elements 
    for i in range(n):
          
        # at even index : we have to 
        # put maximum element
        if i % 2 == 0:
            arr[i] = max_ele
            max_ele -= 1
  
        # at odd index : we have to
        # put minimum element
        else:
            arr[i] = min_ele
            min_ele += 1
  
# Driver code
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
n = len(arr)
print("Original Array")
for i in range(n):
    print(arr[i], end = " ")
  
rearrange(arr, n)
print("
Modified Array")
for i in range(n):
    print(arr[i], end = " ")
# This code is contributed by Shrikant13


输出 :

Original Array
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 
Modified Array
9 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 

感谢 Saurabh Srivastava 和 Gaurav Ahirwar 提出这种方法。
另一种方法:一种更简单的方法是观察最大元素和最小元素的索引位置。偶数索引存储最大元素,奇数索引存储最小元素。每增加一个索引,最大元素减少一,最小元素增加一。可以做一个简单的遍历,再次填写arr[]。
注意:这种方法仅在给定排序数组的元素是连续的(即相差一个单位)时才有效。
下面是上述方法的实现:

Python3

# Python 3 program to rearrange an 
# array in minimum maximum form 
  
# Prints max at first position, min 
# at second position second max at
# third position, second min at 
# fourth position and so on. 
def rearrange(arr, n):
  
    # initialize index of first minimum 
    # and first maximum element 
    max_ele = arr[n - 1]
    min_ele = arr[0]
  
    # traverse array elements 
    for i in range(n):
          
        # at even index : we have to 
        # put maximum element
        if i % 2 == 0:
            arr[i] = max_ele
            max_ele -= 1
  
        # at odd index : we have to
        # put minimum element
        else:
            arr[i] = min_ele
            min_ele += 1
  
# Driver code
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
n = len(arr)
print("Original Array")
for i in range(n):
    print(arr[i], end = " ")
  
rearrange(arr, n)
print("
Modified Array")
for i in range(n):
    print(arr[i], end = " ")
# This code is contributed by Shrikant13 

输出 :

Original Array
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 
Modified Array
9 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 

请参阅有关以最大最小形式重新排列数组的完整文章 |设置 2(O(1) 额外空间)以获取更多详细信息!