在Python中使用 tkinter 的带有 GUI 的井字游戏
Tic-tac-toe（美式英语）、noughts and crosses（英式英语）或 Xs and Os 是一种纸笔游戏，供两个玩家 X 和 O 使用，他们轮流在 3×3 网格中标记空间.成功将他们的三个标记放置在水平、垂直或对角线上的玩家是赢家。
tkinter Python库用于创建 GUI。有两个选项可以与系统或与其他玩家一起玩游戏。
一个小的获胜策略是用来玩系统的。系统将尝试找到最好的位置来放置它或交叉系统将获胜或试图阻止玩家获胜。
方法：
- 创建一个包含选择按钮的登陆页面：单人游戏或多人游戏。
- 创建一个包含九个图块的游戏板，以与其他细节一起玩游戏（即与系统或其他玩家一起玩，轮到谁等）。
- 允许玩家按下瓷砖并检查游戏状态（即平局游戏，任何玩家赢得比赛或游戏仍在运行）。
- 显示消息，谁赢得了比赛。
其他功能说明：
- gameboard_pc() 和 gameboard_pl() 将创建另一个几何体来玩游戏。它将在游戏的 3×3 棋盘上添加 9 个按钮（三行按钮，每行包含三个按钮）。
- get_text_pc() 和 get_text() 函数将在按钮按下时将文本放在按钮上。
- pc()函数将决定系统的下一步动作。
- 获胜者（）函数将检查玩家是否赢得了比赛。
- isfree()函数将检查玩家是否可以放入硬币。
- isfull()函数将检查板是否已满。
以下是上述游戏的代码：
Python3
# Tic Tac Toe game with GUI
# using tkinter
# importing all necessary libraries
import random
import tkinter
from tkinter import *
from functools import partial
from tkinter import messagebox
from copy import deepcopy
# sign variable to decide the turn of which player
sign = 0
# Creates an empty board
global board
board = [[" " for x in range(3)] for y in range(3)]
# Check l(O/X) won the match or not
# according to the rules of the game
def winner(b, l):
return ((b[0][0] == l and b[0][1] == l and b[0][2] == l) or
(b[1][0] == l and b[1][1] == l and b[1][2] == l) or
(b[2][0] == l and b[2][1] == l and b[2][2] == l) or
(b[0][0] == l and b[1][0] == l and b[2][0] == l) or
(b[0][1] == l and b[1][1] == l and b[2][1] == l) or
(b[0][2] == l and b[1][2] == l and b[2][2] == l) or
(b[0][0] == l and b[1][1] == l and b[2][2] == l) or
(b[0][2] == l and b[1][1] == l and b[2][0] == l))
# Configure text on button while playing with another player
def get_text(i, j, gb, l1, l2):
global sign
if board[i][j] == ' ':
if sign % 2 == 0:
l1.config(state=DISABLED)
l2.config(state=ACTIVE)
board[i][j] = "X"
else:
l2.config(state=DISABLED)
l1.config(state=ACTIVE)
board[i][j] = "O"
sign += 1
button[i][j].config(text=board[i][j])
if winner(board, "X"):
gb.destroy()
box = messagebox.showinfo("Winner", "Player 1 won the match")
elif winner(board, "O"):
gb.destroy()
box = messagebox.showinfo("Winner", "Player 2 won the match")
elif(isfull()):
gb.destroy()
box = messagebox.showinfo("Tie Game", "Tie Game")
# Check if the player can push the button or not
def isfree(i, j):
return board[i][j] == " "
# Check the board is full or not
def isfull():
flag = True
for i in board:
if(i.count(' ') > 0):
flag = False
return flag
# Create the GUI of game board for play along with another player
def gameboard_pl(game_board, l1, l2):
global button
button = []
for i in range(3):
m = 3+i
button.append(i)
button[i] = []
for j in range(3):
n = j
button[i].append(j)
get_t = partial(get_text, i, j, game_board, l1, l2)
button[i][j] = Button(
game_board, bd=5, command=get_t, height=4, width=8)
button[i][j].grid(row=m, column=n)
game_board.mainloop()
# Decide the next move of system
def pc():
possiblemove = []
for i in range(len(board)):
for j in range(len(board[i])):
if board[i][j] == ' ':
possiblemove.append([i, j])
move = []
if possiblemove == []:
return
else:
for let in ['O', 'X']:
for i in possiblemove:
boardcopy = deepcopy(board)
boardcopy[i[0]][i[1]] = let
if winner(boardcopy, let):
return i
corner = []
for i in possiblemove:
if i in [[0, 0], [0, 2], [2, 0], [2, 2]]:
corner.append(i)
if len(corner) > 0:
move = random.randint(0, len(corner)-1)
return corner[move]
edge = []
for i in possiblemove:
if i in [[0, 1], [1, 0], [1, 2], [2, 1]]:
edge.append(i)
if len(edge) > 0:
move = random.randint(0, len(edge)-1)
return edge[move]
# Configure text on button while playing with system
def get_text_pc(i, j, gb, l1, l2):
global sign
if board[i][j] == ' ':
if sign % 2 == 0:
l1.config(state=DISABLED)
l2.config(state=ACTIVE)
board[i][j] = "X"
else:
button[i][j].config(state=ACTIVE)
l2.config(state=DISABLED)
l1.config(state=ACTIVE)
board[i][j] = "O"
sign += 1
button[i][j].config(text=board[i][j])
x = True
if winner(board, "X"):
gb.destroy()
x = False
box = messagebox.showinfo("Winner", "Player won the match")
elif winner(board, "O"):
gb.destroy()
x = False
box = messagebox.showinfo("Winner", "Computer won the match")
elif(isfull()):
gb.destroy()
x = False
box = messagebox.showinfo("Tie Game", "Tie Game")
if(x):
if sign % 2 != 0:
move = pc()
button[move[0]][move[1]].config(state=DISABLED)
get_text_pc(move[0], move[1], gb, l1, l2)
# Create the GUI of game board for play along with system
def gameboard_pc(game_board, l1, l2):
global button
button = []
for i in range(3):
m = 3+i
button.append(i)
button[i] = []
for j in range(3):
n = j
button[i].append(j)
get_t = partial(get_text_pc, i, j, game_board, l1, l2)
button[i][j] = Button(
game_board, bd=5, command=get_t, height=4, width=8)
button[i][j].grid(row=m, column=n)
game_board.mainloop()
# Initialize the game board to play with system
def withpc(game_board):
game_board.destroy()
game_board = Tk()
game_board.title("Tic Tac Toe")
l1 = Button(game_board, text="Player : X", width=10)
l1.grid(row=1, column=1)
l2 = Button(game_board, text = "Computer : O",
width = 10, state = DISABLED)
l2.grid(row = 2, column = 1)
gameboard_pc(game_board, l1, l2)
# Initialize the game board to play with another player
def withplayer(game_board):
game_board.destroy()
game_board = Tk()
game_board.title("Tic Tac Toe")
l1 = Button(game_board, text = "Player 1 : X", width = 10)
l1.grid(row = 1, column = 1)
l2 = Button(game_board, text = "Player 2 : O",
width = 10, state = DISABLED)
l2.grid(row = 2, column = 1)
gameboard_pl(game_board, l1, l2)
# main function
def play():
menu = Tk()
menu.geometry("250x250")
menu.title("Tic Tac Toe")
wpc = partial(withpc, menu)
wpl = partial(withplayer, menu)
head = Button(menu, text = "---Welcome to tic-tac-toe---",
activeforeground = 'red',
activebackground = "yellow", bg = "red",
fg = "yellow", width = 500, font = 'summer', bd = 5)
B1 = Button(menu, text = "Single Player", command = wpc,
activeforeground = 'red',
activebackground = "yellow", bg = "red",
fg = "yellow", width = 500, font = 'summer', bd = 5)
B2 = Button(menu, text = "Multi Player", command = wpl, activeforeground = 'red',
activebackground = "yellow", bg = "red", fg = "yellow",
width = 500, font = 'summer', bd = 5)
B3 = Button(menu, text = "Exit", command = menu.quit, activeforeground = 'red',
activebackground = "yellow", bg = "red", fg = "yellow",
width = 500, font = 'summer', bd = 5)
head.pack(side = 'top')
B1.pack(side = 'top')
B2.pack(side = 'top')
B3.pack(side = 'top')
menu.mainloop()
# Call main function
if __name__ == '__main__':
play()输出：