JavaFX CSS

JavaFX is a rich framework for building cross-platform desktop and mobile applications using Java. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a style sheet language used to describe the look and formatting of a document written in HTML or XML. By using CSS in JavaFX, we can define the style and appearance of the user interface.

CSS file in JavaFX

To apply CSS to a JavaFX application, we need to create a CSS file and load it in the application. In JavaFX, we can load the CSS file by specifying it in the Scene object using the getStylesheets() method. The following code snippet shows how to load a CSS file named myStyle.css in a JavaFX application:

Scene scene = new Scene(new Group());
scene.getStylesheets().add("myStyle.css");

Once the CSS file is loaded, we can define style rules in the file to apply to the UI components.

CSS selector

In CSS, selector is used to select the HTML or XML elements to which the style rules are applied. In JavaFX, we use the same selector syntax to select the UI components. For example, to apply a style to a button with id as myButton, we use the #myButton selector as follows:

#myButton {
    -fx-background-color: red;
}

In the above CSS code, the -fx-background-color property is used to set the background color of the button.

JavaFX CSS properties

JavaFX provides a set of CSS properties that can be used to style the UI components. Some of the commonly used properties are:

• -fx-background-color: sets the background color of the component
• -fx-border-color: sets the border color of the component
• -fx-font-size: sets the font size of the component
• -fx-font-family: sets the font family of the component
• -fx-text-fill: sets the text color of the component

Inline styles in JavaFX

In addition to external CSS files, we can also apply CSS using inline styles. Inline styles are applied directly to the component using the setStyle() method. The following code snippet shows how to apply an inline style to a button:

Button button = new Button("Click me!");
button.setStyle("-fx-background-color: green");

Conclusion

CSS is a powerful way to customize the look and feel of JavaFX applications. With CSS, we can change the appearance of UI components to match our design requirements. By using external CSS files or inline styles, we can apply CSS in JavaFX in a flexible way.