📜  如何在 Matplotlib 中设置绘图背景颜色?

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:55:51.796000             🧑  作者: Mango

如何在 Matplotlib 中设置绘图背景颜色?

先决条件:

  • Matplotlib
  • 麻木

从下图可以推断出一个图由 X 轴、Y 轴、图标题和坐标轴组成。默认情况下,绘图的颜色为白色。如果我们必须设置绘图的背景颜色以使我们的绘图看起来很漂亮,我们必须在绘制图形后通过使用 axes() 属性制作轴对象。

方法:

  • 导入模块
  • 加载或创建数据
  • 绘制正则图
  • 创建轴对象
  • 将属性 set_facecolor() 设置为所需的颜色。此属性接受颜色的名称或颜色代码

按照给定的示例进行操作以更好地理解。

示例:默认颜色图

Python
# importing library
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  
# giving values for x and y to plot
student_marks = [50, 60, 70, 80, 90]
student_grade = ['B', 'B', 'B+', 'B+', 'A']
  
plt.plot(student_marks, student_grade)
  
# Giving x label using xlabel() method
# with bold setting
plt.xlabel("student_marks", fontweight='bold')
  
# Giving y label using xlabel() method
# with bold setting
plt.ylabel("student_grade", fontweight='bold')
  
# Giving title to the plot
plt.title("Student Marks v/s Student Grade")
  
# Showing the plot using plt.show()
plt.show()


Python
# importing library
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  
# giving values for x and y to plot
student_marks = [50, 60, 70, 80, 90]
student_grade = ['B', 'B', 'B+', 'B+', 'A']
plt.plot(student_marks, student_grade)
  
# Giving x label using xlabel() method
# with bold setting
plt.xlabel("student_marks", fontweight='bold')
ax = plt.axes()
  
# Setting the background color of the plot 
# using set_facecolor() method
ax.set_facecolor("yellow")
  
# Giving y label using xlabel() method 
# with bold setting
plt.ylabel("student_grade", fontweight='bold')
  
# Giving title to the plot
plt.title("Student Marks v/s Student Grade")
  
# Showing the plot using plt.show()
plt.show()


Python
# importing libraries
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
  
# giving values for x and y to plot
x = np.arange(0, 10, .1)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.plot(x, y)
  
# Giving x label using xlabel() method 
# with bold setting
plt.xlabel("X")
ax = plt.axes()
  
# Setting the background color of the
# plot using set_facecolor() method
ax.set_facecolor("violet")
  
# Giving y label using xlabel() method 
# with bold setting
plt.ylabel('sin(x)')
  
# Showing the plot using plt.show()
plt.show()


Python
# importing libraries
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
  
# giving values for x and y to plot
x = np.arange(0, 10, .1)
y = np.sin(x)
  
# Set background color of the outer 
# area of the plt
plt.figure(facecolor='yellow')
  
# Plotting the graph between x and y
plt.plot(x, y)
  
# Giving x label using xlabel() method
# with bold setting
plt.xlabel("X")
ax = plt.axes()
  
# Setting the background color of the plot 
# using set_facecolor() method
ax.set_facecolor("violet")
  
# Giving y label using xlabel() method with
# bold setting
plt.ylabel('sin(x)')
  
# Showing the plot using plt.show()
plt.show()


Python
# importing libraries
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
  
# giving values for x and y to plot
x = np.arange(0, 10, .1)
y = np.sin(x)
  
# Set background color of the outer
# area of the plt
plt.figure(facecolor='#94F008')
  
# Plotting the graph between x and y
plt.plot(x, y)
  
# Giving x label using xlabel() method
# with bold setting
plt.xlabel("X")
ax = plt.axes()
  
# Setting the background color of the plot 
# using set_facecolor() method
ax.set_facecolor("#1CC4AF")
  
# Giving y label using xlabel() method with
# bold setting
plt.ylabel('sin(x)')
  
# Showing the plot using plt.show()
plt.show()


输出:

示例 2:将背景颜色设置为黄色

Python

# importing library
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  
# giving values for x and y to plot
student_marks = [50, 60, 70, 80, 90]
student_grade = ['B', 'B', 'B+', 'B+', 'A']
plt.plot(student_marks, student_grade)
  
# Giving x label using xlabel() method
# with bold setting
plt.xlabel("student_marks", fontweight='bold')
ax = plt.axes()
  
# Setting the background color of the plot 
# using set_facecolor() method
ax.set_facecolor("yellow")
  
# Giving y label using xlabel() method 
# with bold setting
plt.ylabel("student_grade", fontweight='bold')
  
# Giving title to the plot
plt.title("Student Marks v/s Student Grade")
  
# Showing the plot using plt.show()
plt.show()

输出:

示例 3:将背景颜色设置为紫罗兰色

Python

# importing libraries
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
  
# giving values for x and y to plot
x = np.arange(0, 10, .1)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.plot(x, y)
  
# Giving x label using xlabel() method 
# with bold setting
plt.xlabel("X")
ax = plt.axes()
  
# Setting the background color of the
# plot using set_facecolor() method
ax.set_facecolor("violet")
  
# Giving y label using xlabel() method 
# with bold setting
plt.ylabel('sin(x)')
  
# Showing the plot using plt.show()
plt.show()

输出:

设置绘图的外部和内部颜色

我们还可以设置绘图外部的颜色。要设置绘图背景和绘图外部的颜色,我们必须在代码中做的唯一更改是我们必须在绘制图形之前添加plt.figure(faceccolor='color')

示例 1:

Python

# importing libraries
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
  
# giving values for x and y to plot
x = np.arange(0, 10, .1)
y = np.sin(x)
  
# Set background color of the outer 
# area of the plt
plt.figure(facecolor='yellow')
  
# Plotting the graph between x and y
plt.plot(x, y)
  
# Giving x label using xlabel() method
# with bold setting
plt.xlabel("X")
ax = plt.axes()
  
# Setting the background color of the plot 
# using set_facecolor() method
ax.set_facecolor("violet")
  
# Giving y label using xlabel() method with
# bold setting
plt.ylabel('sin(x)')
  
# Showing the plot using plt.show()
plt.show()

输出:

示例 2:使用 html 颜色代码设置绘图颜色

Python

# importing libraries
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
  
# giving values for x and y to plot
x = np.arange(0, 10, .1)
y = np.sin(x)
  
# Set background color of the outer
# area of the plt
plt.figure(facecolor='#94F008')
  
# Plotting the graph between x and y
plt.plot(x, y)
  
# Giving x label using xlabel() method
# with bold setting
plt.xlabel("X")
ax = plt.axes()
  
# Setting the background color of the plot 
# using set_facecolor() method
ax.set_facecolor("#1CC4AF")
  
# Giving y label using xlabel() method with
# bold setting
plt.ylabel('sin(x)')
  
# Showing the plot using plt.show()
plt.show()

输出: