如何计算 5 数字摘要?
5 个数字摘要的概念是一种使用 5 个数字来描述分布的方法。这包括最小数量、四分位数 1、中位数/四分位数 2、四分位数 3 和最大数量。这个 5 数字摘要的概念属于统计的概念,它处理数据的收集、分析、解释和以有组织的方式呈现数据。
5 号码汇总
如上段所述,它通过表示最小值、最大值、中值、四分位数等给出了给定数据集的粗略概念。为了更好地理解 5 数字摘要概念,请查看以下 5 数字的图形表示概括
计算 5 个数字摘要
为了找到 5 个数字摘要,我们需要对数据进行排序。如果不是先按升序排序,然后找到它。
- 最小值:给定数据中最小的数字,升序排序时的第一个数字。
- 最大值:给定数据中最大的数,升序排序时的最后一个数。
中值:最小值和最大值之间的中间值。下面是找到中位数的公式,
Median = (n + 1)/2th term
- 四分位数 1:最小值和中值之间的中间值/中心值。我们可以简单地识别小数据集的中值和最小值之间的中间值。如果它是一个有这么多数字的大数据集,那么最好使用一个公式,
Quartile 1 = ((n + 1)/4)th term
- 四分位数 3:中值和最大值之间的中间值/中心值。
Quartile 3 = (3(n + 1)/4)th term
为了更好地理解这一点,让我们看几个例子,
示例问题
问题 1:给定数据 10、20、5、15、25、30、8 中的最小值是多少。
解决方案:
- Step-1 Sort the given data in ascending order.
5, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
- Step-2 Find minimum number
Here the first number is the minimum number as it is sorted in ascending order.
Minimum value = 5
问题 2:给定数据 10、20、5、15、25、30、8 中的最大值是多少。
解决方案:
- Step-1 Sort the given data in ascending order.
5, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
- Step-2 Find maximum number
Here the last number is the maximum number as it is sorted in ascending order.
Maximum value = 30
问题 3:给定数据 10、20、5、15、25、30、8 中的中值是多少
解决方案:
- Step-1 Sort the given data in ascending order.
5, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
- Step-2 Find median
Here we need to find median value by a formula (n + 1)/2th term where n is the total count of numbers.
Here n = 7
So median = (7 + 1)/2 = 8/2 = 4th term
4th term is median which is 15.
问题 4:找到给定数据 10、20、5、15、25、30、8 的 5 个数字摘要
解决方案:
- Step-1 Sort the given data in ascending order.
5, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
- Step-2
As the given data is same as the above examples we can get minimum value, median and maximum from there.
So, Minimum = 5
Maximum = 30
Median = 15
Now find 1st and 3rd quartile either by using formula or by picking center value. Both gives same result.
For Quartile-1 Formula is ((n + 1)/4)th term where n is the count of numbers in the dataset.
n = 7 because there are 7 numbers in the data.
Quartile-1 = ((7 + 1)4)th term
= (8/4)th term
= 2nd term
2nd term is 8 So, Quartile-1 = 8
In the same way find the quartile-3 using the formula (3(n + 1)/4)th term.
Quartile 3 = (3(7 + 1)/4)th term
= (3(8)/4)th term
= (24/4)th term
= 6th term
6th term is 25 so Quartile-3 = 25
问题 5:找出数据 1、10、5、15、2、12、4、14 的 5 个数字摘要。
解决方案:
- Step-1 Sort data
1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 12, 14, 15
- Step-2 Find min, max, median, quartile values.
Minimum value = 1
Maximum value = 15
Median = ((n + 1)/2)th term
Here n = 8
= ((8 + 1)/2)th term
= (9/2)th term
= 4.5th term
4.5th term is the average value of 4th and 5th term values
Median = (5 + 10)/2
=15/2 = 7.5
Median = 7.5
Quartile-1 = ((n + 1)/4)th term
= ((8 + 1)/4)th term
= (9/4)th term
= 2.25th term
2.25th term is the average value of 2nd and 3rd term values
Quartile-1 = (2 + 4)/2
= 6/2 = 3
Quartile-1 = 3
Quartile-3 = (3(n + 1)/4)th term
= (3(8 + 1)/4)th term
= (3(9)/4)th term
= (27/4)th term
= 6.75th term
6.75th term is the average value of 6th and 7th term values
Quartile-3 = (12 + 14)/2
= 26/2 = 13
Quartile-3 = 13