📜  群的基本性质(1)

📅  最后修改于: 2023-12-03 15:27:41.442000             🧑  作者: Mango

群的基本性质

在计算机科学和离散数学中,群是一种抽象代数结构,具有以下基本性质:

  • 封闭性:群中的任意两个元素的运算结果仍属于该群。
  • 结合律:群中的运算满足结合律,即 $(a \ast b) \ast c = a \ast (b \ast c)$。
  • 单位元:群中存在一个特殊元素 $e$,满足对于任意元素 $a$,有 $a \ast e = e \ast a = a$。
  • 逆元:群中的任意一个元素 $a$ 都有一个逆元 $a^{-1}$,使得 $a \ast a^{-1} = a^{-1} \ast a = e$。

以下是一个示例:

class Group:
    def __init__(self, elements, operation):
        self.elements = elements  # 元素集合
        self.operation = operation  # 运算符

    def is_closed(self):
        for a in self.elements:
            for b in self.elements:
                if self.operation(a, b) not in self.elements:
                    return False
        return True

    def is_associative(self):
        for a in self.elements:
            for b in self.elements:
                for c in self.elements:
                    if self.operation(self.operation(a, b), c) != self.operation(a, self.operation(b, c)):
                        return False
        return True

    def has_identity(self):
        for a in self.elements:
            has_idenity_element = True
            for b in self.elements:
                if self.operation(a, b) != b or self.operation(b, a) != b:
                    has_idenity_element = False
                    break
            if has_idenity_element:
                return True
        return False

    def has_inverses(self):
        for a in self.elements:
            has_inverse = False
            for b in self.elements:
                if self.operation(a, b) == self.operation(b, a) == identity:
                    has_inverse = True
                    break
            if not has_inverse:
                return False
        return True

以上是一个简单的群实现,可以通过调用 is_closed()is_associative()has_identity()has_inverses() 方法来检查一个给定集合和运算符是否满足群的基本性质。